5G WTTx Planning

Keyou Jin 301357

 5G WTTx Planning

1 WTTx with Fiber Plus Experience in 5G Era

2 Initial 5G WTTx Network Planning

3 Target 5G WTTx Network Planning

2
5G Capability Requirements Defined by 3GPP: 5G NR Can Provide
Supper High Throughput
3GPP Standardization Targets for 5G NR Requirements of Different Services

Peak Data Rate User Experienced

DL: 20Gbps Data Rate Peak Data Rate User Experienced
UL: 10Gbps DL: 100Mbps Data Rate
UL: 50Mbps
5G NR eMBB
Area Traffic Spectrum
Capacity Efficiency Area Traffic Spectrum
10Mbps/m2 Capacity Efficiency
LTE-A 3x

Network Mobility Network

Energy (500km/h) Energy Mobility
Efficiency
Efficiency
100X(ITU)
mMTC uRLLC
Connection Latency
Density Connection Latency
Control Plane: 10ms
Density
1M devices/km2 User Plane eMBB: 4ms
User Plane uRLLC: 0.5ms

Source: 3GPP TR 38.913

3
Extreme User Experience Requirements in 5G Era: As Requirement
5G User Experience can Compare with Fiber
Source: 3GPP TS 22.261 and Huawei Intelligence
5G Deployment
Scenarios

Indoor Hotspots Dense Urban Urban Rural

Peak Data Rate/cell 20Gbps 10Gbps 10Gbps 5Gbps

Avg. User Data Rate 1Gbps 300Mbps 100Mbps 50Mbps

The Benchmark of User Experience for 5G Phase1: 100Mbps Everywhere

4
5G C-band Large Scale Field Trial in Dense Urban Korea: 5G NR can
Provide Fiber Experienced WTTx Speed
5G Field Trial in Gangnam, Seoul C-band Performance Trial Scenarios

> 1Gbps
C-band
Outdoor
Experience

10 Cells @3.5GHz 64T 100MHz

> 100Mbps
C-band
Indoor
Experience

CBD, Gangnam 3.5GHz Site

5
5G mmWave FWA Field Test in Canada: 5G mmWave can Provide
Fiber Plus Experience with Acceptable Coverage
mmWave Coverage vs Experience
5G Subscriber
Mbps
6000
>5Gbps@300m
@LOS ~ 650m
4000 28GHz Site
800MHz Bandwidth

28GHz CPE
2000
>500Mbps@300m
@NLOS
Ethernet
0
50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

28GHz-NLOS 28G-LOS 39GHz-NLOS 39G-LOS

CPE Indoor Part

6
WTTx is 1st Commercial Application in 5G Era: Fiber Level
Experience and Better ROI
Subscriber Increase/year by Technology Wireless access, shorter TTM
(million)
25 FTTX coaxial , copper data from Ovum exclude china, WTTX from Huawei Insight
Entertainment WTTx
20
15 appliances Home Agent Wireless
10
5 Security Coax fiber
0 Video HFC
2015 2016 2017
-5 Broad Band
xDSL Cable modem FTTx WTTx access
-10
fiber
FTTx
TCO

FTTx & HFC:

high down payment and maintenance cost, heavy labor cost
Acquire frequency 2016 Q4

28GHz 39GHz
WTTx:
Launch WTTx 2017 Q4 smooth installment

Switch to 3GPP 5G FWA 2019 Years

Better investment mode:
1st Wave of 5G FWA Application More accurate and more flexible than fixed network

7
Compare with existing LTE WTTx Speed: 5G NR can provide a
much better future for WTTx
Ranking of global WTTx Operators downlink speed 5G Network downlink speed in seoul

10 Cells @3.5GHz 64T 100MHz

CBD, Gangnam
2 Cells @28GHz 4T 800MHz

C-band
Indoor > 100Mbps
Experience

mmWave
Hotspot
> 20Gbps

8
Compare with existing fiber experience, 5G Can Provide Fiber
plus Experience and Match the Broadband Strategy
Home broadband Target & Existing Gap Global top 10 Fix network speed

Target: By 2025 100% Target: By 2020 100M

Households > 100Mbps Households > 100Mbps
Households > 30Mbps(%) Households > 100Mbps(million)
37%
25.40% 24% 100.0
12.20%
4.60% 17.7

Italy Spain France German UK 2016 2020 Target

Source: Broadband Europe Strategy 2015/ FCC 2016

9
5G NR Evolution in Steps to Match Higher and higher User
Experience Requirement

1000 Mbps Wired Broadband Wireless Broadband

FWA2.0
(mmWave Based)
Fiber
5G R16~
(FTTx)

FWA1.0
• Fast rollout (C-Band Based)
100Mbps • Fast speed
• Fast speed Smart Home
• Fast ROI 5G R15
• High dense area
• High value area
4K
WTTx
30 Mbps (4G Massive MIMO
Based)
LTE/LTE-A R8-R14
Video
10 Mbps Copper
(xDSL)
Internet

2012 2019 2020

10
 5G WTTx Planning

1 Fiber Like WTTx Experience in 5G Era

2 Initial 5G WTTx Network Planning

3 Target 5G WTTx Network Planning

11
5G Adopts Large Channel Bandwidth in High Frequency C-band
and mm Wave but Coverage will be Challenge
The next frontier of mobile broadband for extreme throughput and capacity

100MHz / MNO
(1 Single Band) mmWave Bands (1GHz per MNO)

Bandwidth Bandwidth
100s of Megahertz Gigahertz
(e.g. 3.3-4.2, 4.4-5.0 GHz) (e.g. 24.25-27.5 GHz, 26.5-29.5 GHz)

C-Band mmWave

6GHz 24GHz 100GHz

Seamless Coverage Hotspots
in DU/Urban Areas Strategy
12
5G NR with Massive MIMO 3D Shaping Beamforming at C-band and
mmWave to Enhance Coverage
Coverage Gain
3D Shaping Improves H+V Coverage

Horizontal Beamforming Vertical Beamforming

3D BF 3D BF
8T
(32T) (64T)

Baseline +6dB +8dB

8T 32T 64T
6dB
• More precise beam & scanned area, more coverage gain 8dB
• Higher user SINR and Better interference control

13
 5G NR C-Band with Massive MIMO Can Achieve Continuous
Coverage with Existing Sites for Indoor Scenario
Coverage Radius: m

Outdoor eMBB
4000 3772
Indoor eMBB
3500 3350
Outdoor WTTx
3000 Indoor WTTx
2589
2500
2162
2000
1553 1573
1500 1292 1241
1221
1080 1072
1000 801
648 619
478 536 509
500 396
245 290 257
118 197
87
0
DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps
Cell edge
Dense Urban
Dense Urban Urban Suburban
Urban Suburban throughput

 Band: 3.5GHz  BS height: 30m

 System bandwidth: 100MHz  UE height: 1.5m
Evaluation  Time Slot Configuration (DL:UL): 3:1  Area coverage probability: 90%
Parameters  BS EIRP: 73dBm  Indoor penetration loss: DU 26dB, U 22dB, SU 18dB
 UE EIRP: eMBB 23dBm /WTTx 27dBm  Propagation model: 3GPP Uma-NLOS

14
Compared with C-band, Coverage of mmWave with big Challenge
as Higher Path Loss and Higher Penetration Loss
Path Loss 70
Penetration Loss
160

150 60 Infrared Reflective Glass (IRR)

140
Gap:18dB
50
130
High loss
120 40
3.5GHz LOS
Low loss
110 28GHz LOS
Gap:18dB 30
Gap:11dB
100 3.5GHz NLOS
28GHz NLOS
90 20
Standard multi-pane glass

80 Gap:5dB
10
70

60 0
20 60 100 140 180 220 260 300 340 380 420 460 500 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cell Radius (m) Frequency (GHz)

NLOS Path Loss(dB) 3.5GHz 28GHz

Penetration Loss(dB) 3.5GHz 28GHz
100m 103 121
300m 121 139 Standard multi-pane glass 13 18
500m 130 148 IRR Glass 27 38

15
 5G NR mmWave with Massive MIMO Can not Achieve Continuous
Coverage with Existing Sites for Indoor Scenario
Coverage Radius: m
1200
Outdoor eMBB
1069
Indoor eMBB
1000
Outdoor WTTx
Indoor WTTx
800 734 749

626
600 557
514
439
403
400 358 345
307
240 221 241
213 198
153 176
200 129 124
88 109
68 59

0
DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps DL 50Mbps UL 5Mbps
Dense Urban Urban Suburban Cell edge
Dense Urban Urban Suburban throughput

 Band: 28GHz  BS height: 30m

Evaluation  System bandwidth: 800MHz  UE height: 1.5m
 Time Slot Configuration (DL:UL): 3:1  Area coverage probability: 90%
Parameters  BS EIRP: 65dBm  Indoor penetration loss: Low=18dB
 UE EIRP: eMBB 26dBm /WTTx 32dBm  Propagation model: 3GPP Uma-NLOS

16
Even in Outdoor Scenario, mmWave in NLOS Still Has Coverage
Problem Like in the Shadow of Buildings as big Diffraction Loss
Diffraction Loss Concrete Reflection Loss Glass Reflection Loss
>18dB <10dB ~6dB
BS Antenna
Concrete
0.95.m BS
Reflection
H_Fence=0.75m Antenna Glass
Reflection

BS Antenna
20m Building Building1 Building2
Moving Incidence angle
Direction
TUE P1
UE H_UE=2m
L1=12m
D=10m TUE
-80
TUE P2 LOS
-85
Reflection loss of different incidence
-90 P1(Reflection)RSRP
P2(LOS) angle into glass（dB）
d=0.6m d=1.2m d=1.5m d=1.8m -90 RSRP=-95dBm
0dB 18~19dB 26~27dB 28dB =-104dBm Incidence Ordinary Metal coated Low-e metal
-95 -95
RSRP (dB)

angle glass 8mm glass 8mm glass 6mm

-100 -100
RSRP (dBm)

-105 10 5.0 8.4 4.9

-105 P1(Blocking reflection
-110 20 4.8 6.7 5.1
-110 side ) RSRP=-119dBm
-115
-115 -120
30 4.1 5.3 5.3
-120 -125 Time
40 2.3 4.3 5.8
50 2.0 3.5 5.5
100
109
118
127
136
145
1
10
19
28
37
46
55
64
73
82
91

-130

106
113
120
127
8
1

57
15
22
29
36
43
50

64
71
78
85
92
99
Time 60 1.1 2.3 5.8

17
Case study in HongKong: Using Existing Sites ,C-band with
Continuous Coverage , mmWave with Worse Indoor Coverage
CSI RSRP CSI RSRP
28GHz 3.5GHz

CSI RSRP (dBm) CSI RSRP (dBm)

70% 50%
60% CSI RSRP>-110dBm Ratio: 51.82%
40%
CSI RSRP>-110dBm Ratio: 95.20%
48.18%
50% 32.19%
30% 27.42%
40% 33.33%
30% 19.76%
20%
20%
11.22% 7.93% 7.90%
10% 6.81% 10% 4.80%
0.00% 0.46%
0% 0%
>-70 (-80 -70] (-90 -80] (-100 -90] (-110 -100] <-110 >-70 (-80 -70] (-90 -80] (-100 -90] (-110 -100] <-110
18
18
Case study in Canada: Even for the Outdoor Scenario, mmWave
can not Make Continuous Coverage as big Existing ISD
DL 100Mbps Everywhere @C-band
Macro Large ISD ~3km Sparse foliage 100% 99.68%
17%

79.23% 55.13%

83%
52.53%
20.45% 2.60%

100Mbps 500Mbps 1Gbps

O2I O2O Total Coverage

Outdoor CPE on wall 3m LOS ratio: 7.6%

mmWave can’t fulfill 100Mbps
everywhere

70%
34%
LOS House 10%
100Mbps 500Mbps 1Gbps

C-band: 100MHz BW O2O: Outdoor to Outdoor

mmWave: 800MHz BW O2I: Outdoor to Indoor
19
5G mmWave Field Test: Even in Outdoor Scenario, mm Wave
Coverage Still can not Continuous as the Building Blocking
mmWave Drive Test in Seoul mmWave to Boost Capacity in O2O LOS Scenario

BS TUE Boost Capacity

DL THP
[Gbps] in O2O LOS
7

6
28GHz 4T4R 800MHz 2T4R
5

3
180m 300m
2 Poor Coverage
By Building Blocking
1

0 Time
[s]

20
Outdoor CPE as Supplement for WTTx to Make C-Band and
mmWave Continuous Coverage with Existing Sites Resource
Easy installation 15+dB Gain with Outdoor CPE

Outdoor CPE

~15dB

Indoor CPE

Outdoor
No extra pole Indoor CPE Gain
CPE
No antenna adjustment RSRP -110dBm -95dBm 15dB
No ground cable SINR 2dB 12dB 10dB

21
Proposed 5G WTTx Networking Deployment : C-Band and mmWave
Hybrid, mmWave for hot and Supper Experience Area
mmWave
Outdoor CPE scenario: Macro
•mmWave Macro for large capacity
•Sub6G Macro for coverage and capacity

Sub6G
Macro

Indoor CPE scenario:

•Sub6G Micro/Macro for indoor coverage

Indoor
CPE

Outdoor
LF Coverage CPE
Indoor
HF Coverage
CPE

22
WTTX User Behavior: RRC Connected Ratio and Duty Ratio as
Traffic Model to Calculate WTTx Capacity

E-UTRAN side: EPC side :Active

RRC connected ratio
100%
50% 100%
Total allocated users

E-UTRAN side duty ratio

With traffic transmission

15%

MME
Internet
eNodeB
SGW PGW SR

23
Based WTTx network Experience, 50% RRC-Connected Ratio is
Recommended for Capacity Calculation
 Typical RRC-Connected ratio 40%~50%
User RRC-Connected ratio
Subscribers RRC-Connected users

U1 Busy Hour Leisure Hour

U2 U4
U1
U3
U3 U9
U10
U17
U19
U20

User RRC-Connected ratio = 50% means 50% of subscribers (all allocated users ) are in RRC-
Connected status at busy hour

Data call session (PPP Session) Time RRC-Connected ratio typical value
• Typical value from commercial networks : 40%~50%
RRC-Connected
RRC-Idle
RRC 1 RRC 2 Time

24
Based WTTx Network Experience, 15% Duty Ratio is
Recommended for Capacity Calculation

WTTX Duty Ratio Duty ratio in actual WTTX networks

Burst2
Burst4 25%
21% 21%
20%
Burst1 Burst5 20% 19%
17%
15% 15%
15% 14%
Burst3 13%
12%

10% 9%
8%
7%

5%

t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 time 0%

Total Session Time

Duty ratio= Data transmitting user/ RRC-Connected user

25
Traffic Volume Based Capacity Planning
Network Capacity:
Frequency Band: C-band 100MHz
Cell Capacity Dimensioning Cell level WTTX capacity:
eNode B : 64T64R
WTTX CPE : 2T4R 100M*(1- 70%)*0.77 (Downlink time ratio)*17
Expansion threshold :70% (spectrum efficiency )
=916Mbps

User speed : User Busy hour speed User level speed @ busy hour
50Mbps
= 50Mbps

Traffic model : WTTX User number per cell

Busy hour ratio: 10% Cell capacity /User speed * traffic model
=916/50/50%/15%=224

26
Traffic Volume Based Capacity Planning
Network Capacity:
Frequency Band: C-band 100MHz
Cell Capacity Dimensioning Cell level WTTX capacity:
eNode B : 64T64R
WTTX CPE : 2T4R 100M*(1- 70%)*0.77 (Downlink time ratio)*17
Expansion threshold :70% (spectrum efficiency )
=916Mbps

Traffic per day

User packet : Traffic per day
500GB = 200*8/30 =133.3G bit

Traffic model : WTTX User number per cell Cell capacity/ Average user throughput
Busy hour ratio: 10%
=916/[133.3*1000*10%/3600]
=247

27
 WTTx Suite Enables E2E Easy Provisioning and Management

Network Mgmt
WTTx Selling Map
WTTx Suite
BOSS
CSV CSV

CMO: Biz Performance indicator

PRS CTO: Network Performance

Subs Mgmt LTM

Target Network Plan
CRM
CSV CSV SP Office

CEO: Service quality & user CTO & CFO: expand on demand
satisfaction Cell Load
CPE experience

28
 Enable 5G WTTx Quick Win with WTTx Suite

Indoor CPE
Outdoor CPE
Heavy Load

Prohibited Area

Support 5G High • TOP poor speed CPE

Frequency • Top N Related Cell Statistics
• Lower than target throughput CPE
volume High Frequency • CPE & Network Coordinated Analysis • Doubt churned CPE
Transfer Model • WBB & MBB Coordinated Analysis • CPE Movement
• ……
• Coverage/Quality/Throughput
3D Map
• ……
Speed

29
WTTx Level 1 Management: WTTx Suite for Accurate WTTx user
Launch based on Network Status, WTTx Package and CPE type

Coverage
Simulation MR
Map Data

Capacity
PRB
Poor Experience
Utilization
User Proportion
Ratio

WTTx suite
Conditions

Forbidden MBB VIP

Area Site
VIP

30
Multiple Layer Visibility :Network, Cell and User Level Visibility to
Monitor MBB and WTTx User Experience Status and Trend

31
WTTx Level 2 Management: MBB Experience Guaranteed with High
Schedule Priority for MBB Traffic Burst time in Special Cells
Dynamic Traffic Control
Differentiated MBB/ WTTx Guarantee MBB User Exper.
1 User Identification 2
Scheduling Priority • Allocate higher scheduling priority
• Identify MBB/WTTx Flexibly • Improve MBB data speed
by either SPID or QCI Up to 1000:1 Priority Weighting Factor
MBB : WTTx

…
… …

SPID a or QCI a
• Only lower the priority of WTTx
… • No impact on user access
…

MBB data WTTx data

SPID b or QCI b

32
 5G WTTx Planning

1 Fiber Like WTTx Experience in 5G Era

2 Initial 5G WTTx Network Planning

3 Target 5G WTTx Network Planning

33
 3 Steps for WTTx Evolution: Maximize Existing Spectrum Value and
Deploy Fiber Plus Experience WTTx Network
MBB+WTTx Co-carrier WTTx Dedicated Carrier TDD Evolution 5G NR Introduced
>> Fast time to Market >> More capacity for WTTx >> Fiber like experience >> Fiber experience

5G 5G NR C-band MM
Carrier &mmWave

5G NR 2.3/2.6/3.5 MM 5G NR 2.3/2.6/3.5 MM

TDD Refarming
Evolution Refarming
Dedicated
carrier MM TDD LTE 2.3/2.6/3.5 MM TDD LTE 2.3/2.6/3.5 MM
TDD LTE 2.3/2.6/3.5

FDD
FDD L1800/ L800 2T2R FDD L1800/ L800 4T4R FDD L1800/ L800 4T6S FDD L1800/ L800 MM
Carriers

4R for High End Outdoor 4R/8R for High End 5G CPE for heavy users mmWave CPE for heavy users

2*2/4*2MIMO Outdoor 4R Indoor 4R Outdoor 4R/8R 4*4MIMO Outdoor 4R 4*4MIMO

4G CPE: I to O / L to H / F to T 5G CPE: LTE To 5G / Sub-6G to mmWave

• High end CPE for high end user with guaranteed experience and low • 10% users to Sub-6G 5G NR, all users speed accelerated
resource consumption
• 10% users to mmWave 5G NR, all users speed accelerated
• T+F CPE adopted, user smoothly migrate to dedicated carrier
34
Current LTE Traffic Loading: Network Average Loading is 20% and
average Throughput for MBB is 51Mbps per

Current Network Current MBB traffic per site

60M
TDD 2.3 or 2.6 or 3.5GHz LTE
Total LTE bandwidth 50MHz
2*20M FDD 2.6GHz LTE 2T2R

2*20M 2.1GHz UMTS 1T2R

Spectrum efficiency 1.7bps/Hz

2*20M 1.8GHz LTE 2T2R

2*10M 900MHz GU 2T2R Current Network Loading 20%

50*1.7*20%*3
2*10M 800MHz LTE
800M LTE 2T2R

=51Mbps

35
Spectrum and Network Evolution for 5G Target Network: TDD
Spectrum for LTE TDD and 5G will be key Evolution Steps

202+ 5G Target Network Steps to 5G target Network

mmWave 5G NR 4T4R
800M
5G supper carrier
100M
3.5GHz 5G NR 64T64R 3 • C-band and mmWave evolution

60M TDD 2.3 or 2.6 or 3.5GHz LTE 64T64R

FDD 2.6GHz LTE 4T6S

2*20M

2 TDD dedicated carrier

2*20M
LTE 2.1GHz 4T6S
• TDD multi-antenna evolution

1.8GHz LTE+5G NR 4T6S

2*20M

2*10M 900MHz GUL+NB 2T2R

MBB+WTTx Co-carrier
2*10M 800MHz LTE+5G NR 2T2R 1 • FDD spectrum and network evolution
G U LTE 5G NR

36
MBB Traffic will Increase 10 Times in 5 Years and the Average
Throughput Requirement for MBB will be 510 Mbps per Site

PT
Video is engine for traffic growth 3000
MBB traffic increase 10x in 5 years

61% 2500 2 Years Historical 4G Traffic

AR/V
R

4K 2000 5 Years Forecast 4G/5G Traffic

Video
We are here
2K
video
22% 1500

13% 1080P

4% 1000
0% 480P/720P

<=360P 480P 720P 1080P 1440P

360P 500
Rate

0
5 10 50 100 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Network Video Times Ratio <1 Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps

37
 With TDD Massive MIMO and 5G NR Introduced in Steps , The
Network Throughput will Increase 60 Times
Capacity / site: 8~15G bps
(@ FDD+TDD+5G)

FDD LTE: 2*70MHz

TDD LTE: 1*60MHz
C-Bnad: 100MHz
mmWave: 800MHz
Capacity / site: 2.5~3.6G bps
(@ FDD+TDD)

Capacity / site: 0.25~0.5G bps 5G NR

(@ FDD) C-band + mmWave
5G FDD LTE: 2*70MHz 5G NR C-band
Carriers TDD LTE: 1*60MHz
5G NR:0

TDD FDD LTE: 2*50MHz

Dedicated TDD LTE: 0 LTE TDD MM LTE TDD MM LTE TDD MM LTE TDD MM
Carriers 5G NR:0 16layer+4R 32layer+8R 32layer+8R 32layer+8R

FDD
LTE FDD 4T6S LTE FDD 4T6S LTE FDD 4T6S LTE FDD 4T6S LTE FDD 4T6S
Carriers LTE FDD 2T2R

Step1: M/Wco-carrier on FDD Step2: Dedicated TDD introduced Step3: 5G introduced

38
 Enough Spare Throughput with TDD Massive MIMO and 5G NR for
Fiber Experienced WTTx in 5 years

WTTx traffic model WTTx Achievable speed

WTTx available
14.9Gbps=15Gbps- 0.51Gbps
throughput/site

Subs per sites 577

Site Distance: 500m

RRC connected ratio = 50%;
Traffic Model
Coverage Area: 1.949*(500/1.5)^2 m2 duty ratio = 20%
Population Density: 40000/ Km^2
Population per home: 4.5
Homes Per Site: 1925
Target Market Share: 30% 250Mbps Fiber Experienced speed!!
Potential Globe WTTX Subs per site: 577

39
 计算工具

40
Thank You.
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