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Management
Chapter 6
Safety Performance
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Safety Performance
Measuring a company’s health and safety
performance is just as important as measuring their
financial performance or their productivity
performance.
While health and safety performance measurements are
used as a tool to help prevent workplace injury and
disease, it is difficult to determine what performance
measurements a company should have in place to
effectively and efficiently prevent workplace injury and
diseases.
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Why measure health and safety performance?
The main purpose of measuring a company’s health and
safety performance is to provide information on the
current status, as well as the progress of strategies and
processes used by the company to mitigate health and
safety related risks.
This information is beneficial because it helps to:
Determine how the company’s health and safety
management system operates in practice
Identify areas where remedial action is needed
Provide a basis for continual improvement; and
Provide feedback and motivation
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Why measure health and safety performance?
Additionally, measuring a company’s health and safety
performance also enhances their decision making
process.
The measurement information helps in deciding:
Where the company is relative to where they want to be
What progress is necessary and reasonable given the
circumstances
How that progress might be achieved against particular
restraints, such as resources or time
The way progress might be achieved
Priorities and effective use of resources.
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When should a company’s safety performance be
measured?
Measuring a company's health and safety performance is a
continuous process. However, similar to any other activity,
measurement should be both efficient and effective.
Therefore, the frequency with which it takes place needs to be
planned appropriately and as such, the following factors
should be considered:
Suitable intervals to ensure that specific planned milestones are
achieved
Monitoring the progress with the plans is aligned with the
particular timescales for achievement
The potential for change from one state to another over time, such
as during the initial design phase or whenever changes are made
which could impact on the operation of the system or when
information is obtained which indicates that the system as
designed has failed or is flawed
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Who should measure health and safety
performance?
A company’s health and safety performance must be
measured at each level of management, starting with
the most senior management.
Additionally, the company will need to decide how to
allocate responsibilities for both the active and reactive
monitoring of performance at different levels in the
management chain.
Therefore, for measurement to be effective, there needs
to be performance standards in place—for example
who does what and when, and to what effect.
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Injury Severity Rate
Injury severity rate is the number of lost work days
experienced per 100 workers. The injury severity rate shows
the extent of safety anomalies by revealing how critical the
injuries and illnesses are.
The theory is that an employee who takes time to return
to work after injury had a more severe problem than one
who can return immediately.
Injury severity rate data is used to estimate the organizational
performance on safety. Injury severity rate shows the safety
performance and guides the requirement for training and
safety observations.
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Injury frequency rate
LTIFR refers to Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate, the
number of lost time injuries occurring in a workplace per
1 million man-hours worked.
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Injury frequency rate
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Use of injury rates:
To measures the injury experience of a
given department, branch or frim.
To determine from month to month or year
to year whether that experience is getting
better or worse.
To compare the experience of one operating
unit with one or more other units.
To serve as a basis for an accident
prevention contest between two or more
operating units.
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In-plant appraisal methods
Just as production executives must continually watch and
check the quality of the product, the safety director must
continually watch and appraise both the effectiveness of
the safety program and the quality of the safety
performance.
The primary purpose is the elimination of employee
injuries, the frequency rate is almost universally used as a
gauge of performance.
Foreman and workers fail to report minor injuries, it is
difficult at best to get good reporting of the little injuries,
such as finger nicks, blisters and bruises.
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In-plant appraisal methods
Close watch should be kept of the accident types and all
cases in which there is a reasonable chance that the
occurrence could have yielded a serious injury should be
carefully investigated.
A reliable barometer of safety activities should enable
corrective action to be applied before the injury rates
goes up. Safety activities is sum of :
Safety recommendations made
Unsafe practices reported
Unsafe conditions reported
The number of safety meetings held
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Others methods of appraisal
The safety of a plant can also be gauged by
analysis of its physical conditions and
operating methods. But this requires wide
knowledge of conditions that produce accidents
and methods for their control.
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Others methods of appraisal
Following factors are particularly valuable as a basis for
appraising plant conditions:
House keeping
Maintenance
Adequacy of equipment essential to safety
Provisions for worker comfort
Definite program of safety training
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Others methods of appraisal
House keeping
The relationship is so intimate that it can safety ve said that a
management’s standard of housekeeping is an excellent gauge of
its competency.
Maintenance
The conditions of all equipment, safeguards, etc essential to
worker safety is valuable guide to the probability of injury.
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