Wind Turbines

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• A wind turbine is a device that converts the winds kinetic energy into
electrical energy.
• Wind turbines can be in vertical and horizontal axis.
• Wind turbines need regular maintenance to stay reliable and
available, in the best case turbines are available to generate
energy 98% of the time.
• Materials for wind turbine parts other than the rotor blades are
largely composed of steel.
• Modern turbines use a couple of tons of copper for generators, cables
and such.
• Conversation of mass requires that the amount of air entering and
exiting a turbine must be equal.
 Types of Wind Turbines

Wind turbines are classified into two general types

• Horizontal axis
• Vertical axis

A horizontal axis machine has its blades rotating on anaxis

parallel to the ground

A vertical axis machine has its blades rotating on anaxis

perpendicular to the ground
 Parts of a Wind Turbine

• Blades. The blades acts as barriers to the

wind.
• Shaft. When the rotor spins, the shafts
also spin and transfers the mechanical
energy into rotational energy.
• Generator. Uses the difference in
electrical charge to produce a change in
voltage.
Parts of a Wind Turbine
 Wind turbine design

The process of defining the

form and specifications of a
wind turbine to extract
energy from the wind. A
wind turbine installation
consists of the necessary
systems.
 Installing a Wind Turbine

• The basic steps for installing a small wind turbineon your

property are:
• Determine whether the wind resource in your area
makes a small wind system economical.
• Determine your household electricity needs bychecking
your monthly or yearly electricityusage.
• Find out whether local zoning ordinances allowwind
turbine installations.
• Purchase and install a wind turbine sized to the needs of
your household.
 Siting a Wind Farm
• Winds
Minimum class 4 desired for utility-scale wind farm(>7
m/s at hub height)

• Transmission
Distance, voltage excess capacity

• Permit approval
Land-use compatibility
Public acceptance
Visual, noise, and bird impacts are biggestconcern

• Land area
Economies of scale in construction
Number of landowners
 Advantages of Wind Power

• Environmental
• Economic Development
• Fuel Diversity & Conservation
• Cost Stability
• small project size
• Short/flexible development time
• Dispatch ability
 Disadvantages

• Generally remote location

• Grid connectivity -- lack of transmissioncapability
• Intermittent output only when the wind blows
• Low capacity factor
• Birds of Prey (hawks, owls, golden eagles) in jeopardy
• Shutting down all the turbines for at least two months
each winter
• Replace all before permits expire in13 years
How much power can we extract?
 Local Location
Don Salvador
Sipalay
Calculation
Calculation