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Adverse Weather and

Aviation Safety

Daniel Hunn, Nigel Johnstone, Simon Proud


The Air Safety Group (ASG)

• A voluntary organisation

• Wide-ranging membership across the aviation community

• The ASG aims to promote air safety through:


Understanding of the current risks
Improved Regulation
Realisation of new standards for operations and training

• A particular focus on areas that are given insufficient attention by airlines and the regulators

One such area in need of attention is adverse weather:

We believe that currently there are deficiencies in pilot training and airline operations that can
result in reduced safety margins when flying in or near adverse weather.
What is adverse weather?

Turbulence Low Visibility Strong Wind

Heavy rain and flooding Lightning Strikes Convection and thunderstorms


The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather

Loss of aircraft

Engine malfunctions

Sensor malfunctions
Severity

Aircraft damage

Lightning strike

Turbulence
The effects of adverse weather
Aircraft weather radar use and training

 Modern commercial aircraft are fitted with weather radar


 Crew receive theoretical instruction at flying school
 Crew receive further instruction during ‘line training’
 Simulators not always able to replicate weather radar use
 No requirement for refresher training
Low altitude scanning of ‘wet’ part of storm cloud
Low altitude saturated radar display
Low altitude unsaturated radar display
High altitude scanning of ‘wet’ part of storm cloud
High altitude scanning of ‘icy’ part of storm cloud
Radar attenuation
Aircraft damage
What can you do?

 The standard of basic training should be improved


 Weather radar training should be provided through
dedicated software packages
 Recurrent training should be required

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