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This document discusses oral reports and provides tips for delivering effective oral presentations. It defines oral reports and how they differ from written reports. It also categorizes oral reports based on delivery method, duration, topic, purpose, and occasion. The document provides suggestions for using clear, vivid language and incorporating transitional phrases. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, proper breathing, and responding to questions when giving oral presentations.
This document discusses oral reports and provides tips for delivering effective oral presentations. It defines oral reports and how they differ from written reports. It also categorizes oral reports based on delivery method, duration, topic, purpose, and occasion. The document provides suggestions for using clear, vivid language and incorporating transitional phrases. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, proper breathing, and responding to questions when giving oral presentations.
This document discusses oral reports and provides tips for delivering effective oral presentations. It defines oral reports and how they differ from written reports. It also categorizes oral reports based on delivery method, duration, topic, purpose, and occasion. The document provides suggestions for using clear, vivid language and incorporating transitional phrases. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, proper breathing, and responding to questions when giving oral presentations.
effective as a reporter, the speaker should bear in mind that spoken words differ from written words in two respects. The first is that oral language is more personal and direct than the written one; the second is that oral language requires instant comprehension of meaning. The speaker personally and directly communicates with a live audience; the writer uses an impersonal medium, for example, a letter, a report, or a book, in communicating with his audience. ORAL REPORTS Eugene White (1982) offers several tips in using the language effectively, these tips are as follows:
1. Language should be chosen for its oral qualities
for it is primarily meant to be heard, not read. 2. Language should be adapted to the speaker’s personality, the audience, and the occasion. 3. Language should be clear. 4. Language should be sufficiently objective. ORAL REPORTS 5. Language should be vivid and impressive. 6. Language should include an abundant stock of connective and transitional words and phrases. 7. Language should be arranged into clear and varied sentences. 8. Language should be chosen from a constantly increasing speaking vocabulary. ORAL REPORTS Oral reports are grouped in various ways. Their classification is based on: 1. Mode of Delivery 2. Duration or Time Limit 3. Topic 4. Purpose 5. Occasion ORAL REPORTS 1. According to mode of delivery: a. Read from manuscript (read/manuscript speech) b. Presented from rote memory (memorized speech) c. Presented without preparation or rehearsal (impromptu speech) d. Done extemporaneously with or without notes (extemporaneous speech) ORAL REPORTS 2. Based on duration or time limit: a. Short - if they last for three minutes up to half an hour b. Long - if they last for an hour or more 3. According to topic: a. Biological b. Sociological c. Psychological d. Political, etc. ORAL REPORTS 4. Based on purpose: a. Informative (giving information) b. Demonstrative (showing a process and the like) c. Instructive (giving orders) d. Persuasive (letting the audience to take an action). 5. Based on occasion: a. Formal (as in a lecture in the classroom setting) b. Informal (as in an unstructured discussion in a round-table meeting). ORAL REPORTS For oral reports to be effective, this writer gives the following suggestions: O - Open your mouth and breathe properly to allow for proper respiration. R - Relax to avoid tenseness and to look confident. A - Avoid a monotone so as not to cause boredom. L - Let your resonators (buccal and nasal cavities, etc.) and articulators (lips, tongue, teeth, palate, velum, alveolar ridge, etc.) serve your purpose. ORAL REPORTS R - Refrain from slurring, mannerisms, and other things that can cause distractions. E - Elicit the attention of the listeners. P - Prepare physically, psychologically, and intellectually. O - Observe moderation in speed (not too fast and not too slow). R - Respond to questions intelligently and directly when asked during and after reporting. T - Try to talk along smoothly with fairly simple sentence structures. S - Speak loud enough for everyone to hear. GRAPHIC AIDS In doing oral and written reports, graphic and other visual aids are important. They not only help the listeners or readers understand the materials, but also make them retain these materials. Therefore, reporters must remember this principle: What is seen is better remembered than what is heard.
Graphic aids serve a variety of functions. The function
varies from one graphic aid to another. A table of graphic aids with their corresponding functions and classifications is presented on the next page.