What is the verb?

• The action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the
predicate of a sentence.
• Spot the verbs in the sentences.

The dog barked.

The dog barked loudly.
Looking through the window, the dog barked loudly.
Mr Trump thinks before he speaks.
What is a subject?
• Noun
• Pronoun
S
The crowd cheered for Rahul Gandhi
V
• Subject is the doer of the action.

THINK
What are the two essential figures of speech which are essential to
make sentence?
Consider the purpose of the direct object.
V : showed

S : Sam

What is being ‘showed’?

His mother or the new museum?

Direct Object (DO): The new museum

What is a direct object?
• Direct Object: noun, pronoun (or word group) that tells
who/whom or what receives the action of the verb

• Rosie’s grandmother hugged her.

• Rosie’s grandmother hugged whom? Her.
• HER receives the action of the verb HUGGED

• Did Mary read The Great Gatsby last summer?

• Did Mary read what? The Great Gatsby
• The Great Gatsby receives the action of the verb READ
 Not every sentence has a Direct Object
Direct Object can never follow a verb that does not express who or
what received the action.
If the sentence contains a “linking” verb (e.g. am, is, are), “state of being” verb
(seem, remain, feel), or action verb (e.g. sneezed, danced, cried) which can make
sense without an object, then it may not contain a direct object.
E.g. • Laugh
• Think • Talk
• Dream • Rise
• Seem • Sit
• Be (is, was, am, being, were) • Arrive
• Live • Go
• Work
What is an Indirect Object?
• When someone [or something] gets the direct object, that word is
the indirect object.
S V DO
• Jim built a sandcastle on the beach.

S V IO DO
• Jim built his granddaughter a sandcastle on the beach.
Jim = subject; built = verb. Jim built what? Sandcastle = direct object. Who got the sandcastle?
Granddaughter = indirect object.
More examples
S V IO DO
• To explain the broken lamp, we told Mom a lie.
We = subject; told = verb. We told what? Lie = direct object. Who got the lie? Mom = indirect object.

S V DO IO
Tomas paid 200 dollars to the mechanic to fix the squeaky brakes.
Tomas = subject; paid = verb. Tomas paid what? 200 dollars = direct object. Who got the 200 dollars?
Mechanic = indirect object.
Practice 1
Identify the subject and verb in each sentence.
1. From the ceiling hung the chandelier.
2. The jet engine passed inspection.
3. I like cake, and he likes ice cream.
4. She lifts weights and jogs daily.
5. He is trying to leave.
6. Please bring me some coffee.
7. To leave was his wish.
8. Sitting in the corner of her room, she read the last pages of the
book.
Answers
1. Subject=the chandelier; verb=hung
2. Subject=the jet engine; verb=passed
3. Subject=I, he; verb=like, likes
4. Subject-She; verb=lifts, jogs
5. Subject=He; verb=is trying
6. Subject=You; verb=bring
7. Subject= his wish; verb=was
8. Subject= she; verb=read
Practice 2
Identify the direct and indirect object, if any, in each sentence.
1. John read his tiny nephew an exciting story.
2. The woman in the green suit is Martha, our favorite neighbor.
3. Our father built the family a redwood picnic table.
4. The doctor sent me a bill for his services.
5. We gave my mother a book for her birthday.
6. Bill walked along the ridge of the mountain during the snow storm.
7. Has your boss sent you a notice about the next convention?
Answers

1. read = verb; story = direct object; nephew = indirect object

2. no object
3. built = verb; table = direct object; family = indirect object
4. sent = verb; bill = direct object; me = indirect object
5. gave = verb; book = direct object; mother = indirect object
6. no object
7. sent = verb; notice = direct object; you = indirect object
Present Past Past Participle
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
burn burned/burnt burned/burnt
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
dig dug Dug