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combustion engines
a review
PRESENTED BY: JUAN CARLOS BLANCO
Introduction
Empirical studies based on the cut-and-try procedure have been
remarkably effective in designing internal combustion engines. Changes in
the induction system and chamber geometry have been shown to affect
engine performance through their influence on the combustion process
The degree and the details of this influence were, and in some cases are
still, relatively unknown despite early recognition of the importance of in-
cylinder fluid mechanics.
Experimental methods
The measurement of the in-cylinder flow before and after ignition is best
achieved by laser Doppler anemometry (LDA). Hot wire anemometry still
provides useful information during induction but imitations associated with
rectification effects, calibration and survival of small-diameter wires implies that
the range of its applicability is likely to be considerably less than Q IMechE 1987
Downloaded from pic.sagepub.com at PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV on
September 18, 2016 FLUID MECHANICS OF lNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 59
that of LDA where fast-data processing coupled with heavy seeding can
provide cycle-resolved velocity information. In its various forms, LDA has been
applied to difficult flow situations such as valve exit flow, flow inside complex
bowl-piston configurations and combustion in both gasoline and diesel engines.
FLOW PROCESSES
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2 Ricardo, H. R. Combustion in diesel engines. Proc. Instn Auto. Engrs,
1930,24,645.
3 Alcock, J. F. Air swirl in oil englnes. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs, 1934, 123.
4 Lee, D. W. A study of air flow in an engine cylinder. NACA report 653, 1939.
5 Rothrack, A. M. and Spencer, R. C. 'The influence of directed air flow on
combustion in a spark ignition engine. NACA report 657,1939.
6 Semenov, E. S. Studies of turbulent gas flow in piston engines. NASA technical
translation 597, 1963.
7 Lancaster, D. R. Effects of engine variables on turbulence in a spark-ignition
engine. SAE paper 760159,1976.