Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Presented by JB - AG
Total Professeurs Associés 1
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
Presented by JB - AG
Total Professeurs Associés 2
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
- Definitions,
- Drilling challenges & associated engineering,
- Specific tools for ERD,
- Impact on rig equipment,
- Industry experiences.
Presented by JB - AG
Total Professeurs Associés 3
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
DEFINITION (tentative)
HD
deviation ratio = ----------
TVD
TVD
HD (reach)
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
(up to 8km departure)
20’’ csg
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
(10+ km Departure)
Lateral Branch
20’’ csg
13’’3/8 csg at 1135m MD ratio H/V 6.24 6.39
VD 1666 m
9’’5/8 csg at 6350m MD
1656 m
MD 11021 m 7” liner at 10025m MD
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
TIERRA DEL FUEGO
APPLICATION OF EXTENDED REACH WELLS
TO DEVELOP AN OFFSHORE RESERVOIR FROM THE COAST
20’’casing @ 65m MD
1488 m TVD
5’’1/2 cemented liner @ 8685m MD
9’’5/8 casing
@ 7792m MD
TD = 8687m MD
( 8181m horizontal departure unwrapped )
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
Presented by JB - AG
Total Professeurs Associés 9
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
- Definitions,
- Drilling challenges & associated engineering,
- Specific tools for ERD,
- Impact on rig equipment,
- Industry experiences.
Presented by JB - AG
Total Professeurs Associés 10
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
DEFINITION (tentative)
“Complex” wells: are similar to ERD wells but they involve multiple-target
trajectories with substantial azimuthal steering;
Complex wells may involve substantial additional footage without necessarily increase
departure.
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
Presented by JB - AG
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
Pilot hole for optimum well placement
gas
Interface
idendification oil
A pilot hole: to evaluate reservoir thickness, placement of the well’s heel position, calibrate
FEWD parameters, …
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND DRILLING CHALLENGES
For the successful planning and execution the following tasks must be done:
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND DRILLING CHALLENGES: casing running
Critical friction angle (70 – 80° ?): varies with mud, lithology, …
TVD = …..
Frictional weight losses
=== > casing requires additional weight
to be pushed in hole
+
Mechanical weight losses
=== > due to cavings, centralisers embedding,
diff. sticking, …
could be reduced by circulating.
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND DRILLING CHALLENGES
… casing running
In ERD wells one of the most critical operations is running the 9 5/8” casing
- partial flotation is best suited for ERD operations; the upper section filled with
mud is in the near vertical section of the well and provides weight to push
the lower buoyant/floated casing into the well,
- rotation can reduce some of the axial drag,
- to handle casing buoyancy safely, a push tool must be installed below the top-
drive,
- if / when mechanical losses are higher than frictional losses, they can be
eliminated through circulation,
- the various top drive functionalities (ability to circulate, reciprocate, rotate and
push the casing) are paramount.
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
Presented by JB - AG
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND DRILLING
Rotary steerable tools / systems for directional drilling
. In recent years (> 1990s) significant advances have been made with regard to
adjustable stabilizers.
. These new tools provide greater 3D-directional control while maximizing rotary-mode
drilling.
Presented by: JB - AG
34
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND DRILLING
Rotary steerable tools / systems for directional drilling
Main Advantages
- being able to rotate continuously the drillstring
- being able to activate the stab-diameter down-hole via telemetry
- rotation + steering use in conjunction with MWD+LWD,
Main disadvantages
- durability and maintenance in remote areas,
- very high rental costs
Presented by: JB - AG
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
ERD AND IMPACT ON RIG EQUIPMENT
… rig sizing
. Maximum required power is usually from back reaming at the end of 12 ¼” section
(> 5500 kW)
. Top drive: continuous top drive torque (approx. 45 000 ft.lbs) and intermittent
maximum torque rating will be selected
. Handling of tubulars: less time manipulating tubulars = less time for bore hole
instability …
. As with mud pumps, consideration should be given to availability of a spare
generator.
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
6 motors : 5450 kW
3 pumps 12P160
Mud Plant 1400 m3
Top Drive TDS4 : 47,000 ft.lbs
High Torque Drill Pipes
5,000 m of 6 5/8” & 5,000 m of 5 1/2”
Racking Capacity
7,800 m in 12 1/4” & 8,300 m in 8 1/2”
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
rig equipment
Drill pipes combinations are different in 6”5/8 and 5”1/2 in 12”1/4 section and above
each section
5”1/2 and 5” in 8 1/2” section
They are picked up and laid down in triple 5”1/2 and 4” in 6”1/8 section
with the machine
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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Total Professeurs Associés 39
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
rig equipment
Dead Weights
Dolly
Suspension
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
rig equipment
Push Tool
Teflon disk
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
rig equipment
42 Blocks
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
CONTENTS
- Industry experiences.
Presented by JB - AG
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
Horizontal Departure (m)
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
0
1000
True Vertical Depth (m BRT)
Dep / TVD = 6
2000
Dep / TVD = 5
3000
4000
5000
Pre 90 92 94 96 99
Dep / TVD = 2
6000
7000
Source / Illustrations:
TOTAL
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000 6 000 7 000 8 000 9 000 10 000 11 000 12 000
0 0
1 000
5 000
2 000
10 000 3 000
TVD BRT (ft)
20 000 6 000
7 000
25 000
8 000
30 000 9 000
0 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000 30 000 35 000 40 000
Departure (ft)
Updated October U2002
p d a t(Nicholas
e d Oc t o b eRobertso)
r 2 0 0 2 - Nic
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
and, drilling HP/HT wells
Accessing new reserves using breakthrough technologies
« GLENELG »
WEST FRANKLIN
GLENELG
Source: TOTAL / FP division (MN & AB)
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EXTENDED REACH DRILLING
NOTE:
ERD wells need strong preliminary studies; wells could be very expensive
and disappointing in case of failure (harming the remaining of the project, …).
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Slides were prepared for presentation and information to Students of Schools and Universities only.
References
Slides presented were prepared with illustrations from the following referenced documents:
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