STUDY OF GROUND WATER

QUALITY AT THE MUNICIPAL

SOLID WASTE DUMPING SITE
 OVERVIEW
• Aim
• Need for the study
• Objectives
• Study area
• Methodology
• Location
• Samples collected from site
• Literature review
• Tests to be conducted on samples
• Test results, risks & effects, graph.
• Conclusion
• Scope for future study
• References
 AIM

To analyse the extent of pollution incurred in

the ground water available at the municipal
solid waste dumpsite.
 NEED FOR THE STUDY:

 The groundwater is contaminated greatly with

acidity, alkalinity, noxiousness, heavy minerals,
and microorganisms throughout the world due to
population growth, urbanization and industrial
development.
 Henceforth, evaluation of water quality of
groundwater and surface water is extremely
important to prepare for remedial measures.
 OBJECTIVES:
• To determine the ground water quality
parameters around the dumpsite.
• To compare the ground water quality
parameters determined with BIS
standards.
• To identify the effects of these ground
water quality parameters on public health.
 STUDY AREA
INVESTIGATION

COLLECTION OF
WATER SAMPLE

EXPERIMENTAL
WORK

PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES PROPERTIES

COMPARISON
OF VARIOUS
EXPERIMENTAL
RESULT

RESULT
AND
CONCLUSION
 Study Area:
• Perungudi dumpsite lies between
12°56’59.14” N to12° 57’ 27.61”N latitude
and 80°13’06.75” E to 80°14’06.34” E
longitudes. The dumping yard located at
Perungudi on the southern part of Chennai
city.
 LOCATION

Perungudi dumpsite
Samples collected from site
 Literature review
S.NO AUTHOR NAME YEAR INFRONTS
They carried out Impact of Leachate on
Ground Water Quality near
Eshanthini. P and Kodungaiyur Dumping Site and
1 2015
Padmini.T.K concluded that further dumping may
damage the aquifer to unrecoverable
condition

Carried out Assessment of Physio-

J.Aravindkumar, Chemical Parameters of Water at
K.Saravanakumar, M. Environmentally Degraded Pallikaranai
2 2014
Gokulakrishnan and Marsh Areaand concluded that the high
B.Indira concentration of chloride indicates
organic pollution.

Studied on An Assessment of
A. Ambica , Saritha Groundwater Quality and its
Banuraman and K. parameters around Perungudiand
3 2012
Ilayaraja concluded that the water in that area
needs some purification process for
drinking purpose
S.NO AUTHOR NAME YEAR INFRONTS
4 Jayanthi M, Duraisamy 2012 Evaluation on Potential impacts of leachate
P , Sharma KK and generation from urban dumps on the water
Paramasivam K qualityand concluded that the concentration
of ammonia in the water quality samples are
high.
5 Saritha Banuraman 2011 They carried out a Study of Ground Water in
and Veda Madavan Perungudi Area of Chennai: Correlation with
Physico-Chemical Parameters and concluded
that water is partially toxic in nature and not
suitable for any domestic purposes.

6 K. Parameswari and K. 2010 They carried out an evaluation of Ground

Karunakaran Water issues and community awareness in
Perungudi Dumpsiteand concluded that
Contamination is more severe in localities
around the dumpsite and the usage of
groundwater has been decreasing.
7 Saravanan. R , Lenin 2010 They carried out Modeling of Groundwater
kalyana sundaram. V , Pollution due to Solid Waste Dumping – A
Navaneetha Case Study and concluded that the
Gopalakrishnan. A and concentrations of the heavy metals in
Ravikumar. G Municipal solid waste are within the limits,
except Chromium (Cr).
 TESTS CONDUCTED ON SAMPLES
• DETERMINATION OF pH
• DETERMINATION OF TURBIDITY
• ESTIMATION OF TOTAL HARDNESS
• DETERMINATION OF IRON
• DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES
• DETERMINATION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN
• ESTIMATION OF SULPHATES IN THE GIVEN SAMPLE
• ESTIMATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN
• DETERMINATION OF TOTAL SOLIDS
• DETERMINATION OF ALKALINITY
• DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM
 TEST RESULTS,
RISKS &
EFFECTS,GRAPH
 pH

SAMPLE pH
EFFECTS:
NO
1 8.2
2 7.79 Low pH - corrosion, metallic
taste
3 7.36
High pH – bitter/soda taste,
4 7.12 deposits
5 7.1
6 6.78
7 6.7
8 6.71
9 6.65
10 6.4
 pH

9
pH
8
7
6
5
pH

4
3 pH
2
1
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S 10
Sample Number
 TURBIDITY

SAMPLE TURBIDITY EFFECTS:

NO (NTU)
1 11.9 Consumer acceptance
decreases.
2 11.1
3 10.6
4 9.5
5 9.2
6 7.6
7 6.9
8 5.4
9 3.1
10 2.4
TURBIDITY
 ALKALINITY
SAMPLE NO Alkalinity(mg/l EFFECTS:
)
1 412
2 523 • Higher alkalinity: taste becomes
unpleasant
3 392
4 376 • Low Alkalinity (i.e. high acidity) causes
deterioration of plumbing and increases
5 363 the chance for many heavy metals in
6 232 water are present in pipes and plumbing
fixtures.
7 208
8 139
9 153
10 112
 TOTAL HARDNESS
SAMPLE Total EFFECTS:
NO Hardness
(mg/l)
1 868.42 • Scale in utensils and hot water system,
soap scums.
2 793.86
3 687.22 • Encrustation in water supply structure
4 640.35 and adverse effects on domestic use.

5 529.65 • Scale in utensils and hot water system,

6 521.93 soap scums

7 462.83
8 491.23
9 392.69
10 236.84
 DISSOLVED OXYGEN
SAMPLE Dissolved
NO Oxygen
(mg/l)
1 0.8
2 1.6
3 1.9
4 2.4
5 1.8
6 1.9
7 3.4
8 4.7
9 6.8
10 9.8
 CHLORIDE
SAMPLE Chloride
NO (mg/l) EFFECTS:
1 1498.5
2 1253.8 • Beyond limit taste, corrosion and
palatability are affected.
3 1179.6
4 1120.8 • High blood pressure, salty taste,
corroded pipes, fixtures and appliances,
5 946.83 blackening and pitting of stainless steel
6 739.32
7 503.53
8 406.124
9 269.92
10 234.93
 TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS

SAMPLE NO Total Dissolved

Solids (mg/l)
1 2493
2 2156 • Beyond this palatability decreases and
3 2280 may cause gastro intestinal irritation.

4 1536 • Hardness, scaly deposits, sediment,

5 1267 cloudy colored water,staining, salty or
bitter taste, corrosion of pipes and
6 892 fittings
7 588
8 752
9 681
10 546
 SULPHATE
SAMPLE NO Sulphate(mg/
l)
1 5128

2 1641.3
• Bitter, medicinal taste, scaly deposits,
3 411.38 corrosion, laxative effects, "rotten-egg"
4 784 odor from hydrogen sulphide gas
Formation.
5 211
• Beyond this palatability decreases and
6 416 may cause gastro intestinal irritation.
7 211

8 403

9 1012

10 524
 IRON
SAMPLE NO Iron (mg/l)
1 0.041
2 0.022
• Brackish color, rusty sediment, bitter or
3 0.03 metallic taste, browngreen
stains, iron bacteria, discolored beverage.
4 0.008
5 0.024 • Beyond this limit, taste/appearance are
affected,has adverse effect on domestic
6 0.032 uses and water supply structures,and
promotes iron bacteria.
7 0.040
8 0.0402
9 0.0301
10 0.0303
 CALCIUM
SAMPLE NO Calcium
(mg/l)
1 137
2 159
3 162 Encrustation in water supply structure and
4 103 adverse effects on domestic use.

5 117
6 148
7 123
8 177
9 184
10 169
 CONCLUSION:

• The water quality analysis carried out in the study area proves that
quality has been degraded the most in samples collected closer to
the dumpsite.
• The results showed that the water quality parameters were within
permissible level prescribed by Bureau of Indian Standards for
drinking water for samples collected from the periphery.
• The polluted water requires certain levels of treatment before use.
 SCOPE FOR FUTURE STUDY:

• A detailed hydrogeological characteristics

of study area can be analysed for more
accurate results.
• Ground water modelling can be used for
finding the leachate location and spread of
contamination.
 REFERENCES:
1) Eshanthini. P, Padmini.T.K “Impact of Leachate On Ground Water Quality
Near Kodungaiyur Dumping Site” of India journal of PharmTech Res.
2015,8(10),pp 171-179

2) Jayanthi et al., “Potential impacts of leachate generation from urban

dumps on the water quality of Pallikaranai Marsh- the only surviving
freshwater wetland of Chennai city in India ” of Indian J. Innovations Dev.,
Vol. 1, No.3 (Mar 2012)

3) SarithaBanuraman ,”Study of Ground Water in Perungudi Area of

Chennai: Correlation with Physico-Chemical Parameters” of Civil and
Environmental Research ISSN 2224-5790 (Print) ISSN 2225-0514 (Online)
Vol 1, No.1, 2011

4) A. Ambica et al.,”An Assessment of Groundwater Quality and its

parameters around Perungudi, the southern part of Chennai,
India” International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)
– Volume 3 Issue 3 No 3 – May 2012

5) Saravananet al.,”Modeling of Groundwater Pollution due to Solid Waste

Dumping – A Case Study” International Journal of Earth Sciences and
Engineering ISSN 0974-5904, Vol. 03, No. 02, April 2010, pp. 176-187
6) J.Aravindkumar, K.Saravanakumar, M. Gokulakrishnan and
B.Indira”Assessment of Physio-Chemical Parameters of Water at
Environmentally Degraded Pallikaranai Marsh Area, Chennai,
India” International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5,
Issue 7, July-2014 ISSN 2229-551869

7) Santhosh Kumar Garg, “Water Supply Engineering “.

8) K.N.Duggal, J.P.Soni, “Elements of Water Resources Engineering”.

9) Dr.B.C.Punmia,Er.Ashok Kumar Jain,Dr.ArjunK.Jain ”Water Supply

Engineering”

10)Tchobonoglous/ Theisen/Vigil, “Integrated Solid Waste Management

Engineering Principles And Management Issues”