STATISTICAL

TREATMENT OF
TEST SCORES
TEST DEVELOPMENT
AND INTERPRETATION

Prepared by:
Ronell C. Oropesa
Why do we need to do
a Statistical
Treatment?
 Possible
Questions:

1. Did my class
improve?

2. What grade should

I give to represent my
student’s performance?

3. Which among the Grade 6

sections perform the
best in mathematics?
A branch of mathematics dealing
with the collection, analysis,
interpretation and presentations
of numerical data.

Provides tools for

describing variability in
data and for making
informed decisions that
take into account

STATISTICS
Test Development
and Interpretation
 TWO TYPES OF
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
1. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
 Describe, organize
and summarize data
that is known to you
 Deals with the
measure of Central
Tendency, Dispersion
or Variability and
Visual Representation

STATISTICS
Test Development
and Interpretation
 TWO TYPES OF
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
2. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
 Intepret and draw
conclusions based
from analyzing a
subset of the entire
population
 Make predictions
 Test the validity
hypothesis

STATISTICS
Test Development
and Interpretation
 POPULATION
SAMPLE

Example:
An Education Student wanted to know the
average starting salary of Teachers.
TWO TYPES OF INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
METHODS

STATISTICAL HYPOTHESIS
ESTIMATION TESTING
• Learning the • Assessing the
value of an validity of an
unknown assumed value
population of a particular
parameter population
parameter
STATISTICAL ESTIMATION

An Education
Student wanted
INTERVAL to know the
average starting
salary of
Teachers.

https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos
STATISTICAL ESTIMATION

https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos
STATISTICAL ESTIMATION

https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos
STATISTICAL ESTIMATION

https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos
STATISTICAL ESTIMATION

https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos
POPULATION
PARAMETER
 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
An Education
HYPOTHESIS Student wanted
know if the P18,000
 A premise or claim that we
starting salary of
want to test or investigate teachers posted in
the internet is true.
NULL HYPOTHESIS (Ho)
 Currently accepted value for a
parameter

Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)

 Involves the claim to be
tested
 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
https://www.youtube.com/user/StatisticsLessons/videos

When the P-Value

H0 = Population
is 0.05 or less we
Parameter
could reject the H0

POPULATION
PARAMETER
P-Value = 5% or 0.05
 DEFINING THE VARIABLES

POPULATION SAMPLE

MEAN 𝜇 𝑥ҧ

STANDARD
DEVIATION 𝜎 𝑠
 STUDENTS T-TEST

A T-test is a statistic that checks

if two means are reliably different
from each other.

𝑥ҧ 1 −𝑥ҧ 2
T-value =
𝑠1 2 𝑠 2 2
+
𝑛1 𝑛2
 STUDENTS T-TEST

PAIRED – Same sample

INDEPENDENT – Different
groups

TAILS
- Right Tailed
- Left Tailed
- Two Tailed
 STUDENTS T-TEST

H0

DON’T CRITICAL
REJECT NUMBER
REJECT

MORE LESS
THAN THAN
 STUDENTS T-TEST

DEGREES of FREEDOM(df) = n1 + n2 - 2