DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AN

REFRIGERATION SYSTEM USING WASTE

HEAT OF AN AUTOMOBILES
 ABSTRACT

The refrigerating units currently used in road transport vehicle

are of Vapour Compression Refrigeration system (VCRS).

The loss of power of the vehicle for refrigeration can be

neglected by utilizing another refrigeration system i,e.

REFRIGERATIONSYSTEM USING WASTE HEAT OF AN IC ENGINE .

 NEED OF THE PROJECT

 It is well known that an IC engine has an efficiency of about 35-

40%, which means that only one-third of the energy in the fuel is

converted into useful work and about 60-65% is wasted to

environment.

 In this project the wasted heat energy can be used

 Scope of the project
 In this project, a physiochemical process replaces the

mechanical process of the Vapour Compression Refrigeration

System by using energy in the form of heat rather than

mechanical work.

 The heat required for running the system can be obtained from

that which is wasted into the atmosphere from an IC engine.

 Methodology

 This system utilizes power from the engine shaft as the

input power to drive the compressor of the refrigeration

system, hence the engine has to produce extra work to

run the compressor of the refrigerating unit utilizing

extra amount of fuel.

Components

 Wood frame

 Copper heat exchanger coil with fins-3

 12v dc pump

 Battery

 Cooling fan-1

 Copper tubes -3 m
 CONSTRUCTION

 The basic components of the air conditioning system are:

 Heat Generator

 This is the place where heat from the exhaust gases is supplied to
the strong refrigerant of refrigerant. This heat energy supplied to
the generator is absorbed by the refigerant to liberate the vapour.

 Condenser

 A condenser is used to remove the latent heat of the refrigerant

coming from the generator. It consists of a number of copper
tubes which is provided with a large number of fins to remove
maximum amount of heat from the refrigerant.
 Evaporator

 This is in the form of coils where heat is absorbed by the

refrigerant from the surroundings when the cold refrigerant is

passed through it.

 Expansion device (Capillary Tube 1.5 mm inner diameter)

 It is a device to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant from high

pressure to low pressure, thus reducing the temperature of the

refrigerant.
 Battery

 Air conditioning system consists of a 12V lead acid battery in

which the pump and the cooling fan in the evaporator gets power
from this battery.

 Cooling fan

 Cooling fan in the evaporator is used to supply cool air in the

evaporator.

 Pump

 which could discharge the refrigerant from low pressure to high

pressure could be used.
 Refrigerant:R134A Tetra fluro ethane

 It is substance, which is used as a working fluid in

refrigerators. The refrigerant has low boiling point, which

means that it vaporizes at low temperature and takes

away the heat from a substance.

 Properties of good refrigerant:

 1.Have low freezing and boiling point

 2.Have high COP

 3.Be non toxic and non corrosive to metal

 4.Be non explosive

 5.Easily be liquefied
 WORKING OF THE SYSTEM

 The strong refrigerant at 35°C is pumped to the heat

exchanger where the strong solution is increased to 60°C by the

exhaust gas from the IC engines at 70°C. This solution

refrigerant, gets vapourizes and is passed through the

condenser, by means of a pump. Then the latent heat is

removed from the refrigerant.

 This refrigerant is then passed through the capillary tube to

bring the temperature to around 20°C, after which it is passed

through the evaporator coil to absorb the latent heat of the

refrigerant at 20°C. The cold air is forced out to the

compartment by means of a cooling fan. This formed solution

is again pumped to the condenser and the cycle is repeated

again.
 ADVANTAGES

 No dedicated IC engine is required for the working of the

refrigerating unit.

 No refrigerant compressor is required.

 No extra work is required for the working of the refrigerating unit.

 Reduction in weight of unit.

 Reduction in fuel cost.

 Reduced atmospheric pollution.

 Reduced maintenance.

 Reduced noise pollution.

 Applications

 It can be used in all automobiles such as car, buses and

trucks

 It can be used in schools, hospital ,offices and other

commercial buildings by means of using Waste heat from

power generators
 CONCLUSION

 With all the designed components it is possible to install a air conditioning

system in an automobile working using the waste heat of the vehicle

engine to produce refrigerating effect inside the automobile cabin.

 Using a air conditioning system within a automobile as an air conditioner

will not only reduce the fuel consumption of the vehicle while working but

will also provide many other advantages.

 References

 Ananthanarayanan P N (2005) 'Refrigeration & Air

Conditioning', Tata McGraw-Hill.. 3rd edition, pp. 398 - 424.

 Arora ; Domkundwar. (2004) 'A course in Refrigeration & Air

Conditioning', Dhanpat Rai & Co., 7th edition, pp. 6.1 - 6.23.

 Arora C P (2002) 'Refrigeration & Air Conditioning', Tata

McGraw Hill., 2nd edition, pp. 301 - 314, 339 - 356, 427 -

456
Thank U