SIMPLE PAST

“ The simple past, past simple or past indefinite, sometimes called the preterite, is
the basic form of the past tense in Modern English. It is used principally to
describe events in the past, although it also has some other uses. Regular English
verbs form the simple past in -ed; however there are a few hundred irregular
verbs with different forms.

The term "simple" is used to distinguish the syntactical construction whose basic
form uses the plain past tense alone, from other past tense constructions which
use auxiliaries in combination with participles, such as the past perfect and past

”
progressive..

SIMPLE PAST

GRAMMAR TOPIC
FORMATION
Regular verbs form the simple past end-ed; however there are a few hundred irregular verbs with
different forms. For details see English verbs § Past tense.
Most verbs have a single form of the simple past, independent of the person or number of the subject
(there is no addition of -s for the third person singular as in the simple present). However, the copula
verb be has two past tense forms: was for the first and third persons singular, and were in other
instances. The form were can also be used in place of was in conditional clauses and the like; for
information on this, see English subjunctive. This is the only case in modern English where a
distinction in form is made between the indicative and subjunctive moods in the past tense.
Questions, other clauses requiring inversion, negations with not, and emphatic forms of the simple
past use the auxiliary did. For details of this mechanism, see do-support. A full list of forms is given
below, using the (regular) verb help as an example:
example:
• Basic simple past:
• I/you/he/she/it/we/they helped
• Expanded (emphatic) simple past:
• I/you/he/she/it/we/they did help
• Question form:
• Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they help?
• Negative:
• I/you/he/she/it/we/they did not (didn't) help
• Negative question:
• Did I/you/he/she/it/we/they not help? / Didn't I/you/he/she/it/we/they
help
 USE

The simple past is used for a single event (or sequence of such events) in the past, and also for past
habitual action:
EXAMPLES:
He took the money and ran.
I visited them every day for a year.
It can also refer to a past state:
I knew how to fight even as a child.
For action that was ongoing at the time referred to, the past progressive is generally used instead (e.g.
I was cooking). The same can apply to states, if temporary (e.g. the ball was lying on the sidewalk),
but some stative verbs do not generally use the progressive aspect at all – see Uses of English verb
forms § Progressive – and in these cases the simple past is used even for a temporary state:
EXAMPLES:
The dog was in its kennel.
I felt cold.
However, with verbs of sensing, it is common in such circumstances to use could see in place of saw,
could hear in place of heard, etc. For more on this, see can see.
If one action interrupts another, then it is usual for the interrupted (ongoing) action to be expressed
with the past progressive, and the action that interrupted it to be in the simple past:
EXAMPLE:
Your mother called while you were cooking.
The simple past is often close in meaning to the present perfect. The simple past is used when the
event happened at a particular time in the past, or during a period which ended in the past (i.e. a
period that does not last up until the present time). This time frame may be explicitly stated, or
implicit in the context (for example the past tense is often used when describing a sequence of past
events).

I was born in 1980.

We turned the oven off two minutes ago.
I came home at 6 o'clock.
When did they get married?
We wrote two letters this morning.
She placed the letter on the table, si
TRANSVERSAL TOPIC
 THOMAS EDISON

Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931)

was an American inventor and businessman, who has been
described as America's greatest inventor.He developed many
devices that greatly influenced life around the world,
including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and
the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The
Wizard of Menlo Park",[4] he was one of the first inventors
to apply the principles of mass production and large-scale
teamwork to the process of invention, and is often credited
with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.
 EARLY LIFE

Thomas Edison was born, in 1847, in Milan, Ohio, and grew up in Port
Huron, Michigan. He was the seventh and last child of Samuel Ogden
Edison Jr. (1804–1896, born in Marshalltown, Nova Scotia) and Nancy
Matthews Elliott (1810–1871, born in Chenango County, New York). His
father, the son of a Loyalist refugee, had moved as a boy with the
family from Nova Scotia, settling in southwestern Ontario (then called
Upper Canada), in a village known as Shewsbury, later Vienna, by
1811. Samuel Jr. eventually fled Ontario, because he took part in the
unsuccessful Mackenzie Rebellion of 1837. His father, Samuel Sr., had
earlier fought in the War of 1812 as captain of the First Middlesex
Regiment. By contrast, Samuel Jr.'s struggle found him on the losing
side, and he crossed into the United States at Sarnia-Port Huron.
Once across the border, he found his way to Milan, Ohio. His
patrilineal family line was Dutch by way of New Jersey; the surname
had originally been "Edeson.
 Marriages and children
On December 25, 1871, at the age of twenty-four, Edison
married 16-year-old Mary Stilwell (1855–1884), whom he had
met two months earlier; she was an employee at one of his
shops. They had three children:
Marion Estelle Edison (1873–1965), nicknamed
Thomas Alva Edison Jr. (1876–1935),
William Leslie Edison (1878–1937) Inventor, graduate of the
Sheffield Scientific School at Yale, 1900.[25]
Mary Edison died at age 29 on August 9, 1884, of unknown
causes: possibly from a brain tumor[26] or a morphine
overdose. Doctors frequently prescribed morphine to women
in those years to treat a variety of causes, and researchers
believe that her symptoms could have been from morphine
poisoning.
Edison generally preferred spending time in the laboratory to
being with his family.[28]
INVENTIONS
 TELEGRAPHER

Edison became a telegraph operator after he saved three-year-old

Jimmie MacKenzie from being struck by a runaway train. Jimmie's
father, station agent J. U. MacKenzie of Mount Clemens, Michigan,
was so grateful that he trained Edison as a telegraph operator.
Edison's first telegraphy job away from Port Huron was at
Stratford Junction, Ontario, on the Grand Trunk Railway.
In 1866, at the age of 19, Edison moved to Louisville, Kentucky,
where, as an employee of Western Union, he worked the
Associated Press bureau news wire. Edison requested the night
shift, which allowed him plenty of time to spend at his two
favorite pastimes—reading and experimenting. Eventually, the
latter pre-occupation cost him his job. One night in 1867, he was
working with a lead–acid battery when he spilled sulfuric acid
onto the floor. It ran between the floorboards and onto his boss's
desk below. The next morning Edison was fired.
 Electric light

In 1878, Edison began working on a system of electrical illumination,

something he hoped could compete with gas and oil based lighting. He began
by tackling the problem of creating a long-lasting incandescent lamp,
something that would be needed for indoor use. Many earlier inventors had
previously devised incandescent lamps, including Alessandro Volta's
demonstration of a glowing wire in 1800 and inventions by Henry Woodward
and Mathew Evans. Others who developed early and commercially impractical
incandescent electric lamps included Humphry Davy, James Bowman Lindsay,
Moses G. Farmer,William E. Sawyer, Joseph Swan, and Heinrich Göbel. Some
of these early bulbs had such flaws as an extremely short life, high expense
to produce, and high electric current drawn, making them difficult to apply
on a large scale commercially Edison realized that to connect a series of
electric lights to an economically manageable size and using the necessary
thickness of copper wire, he would have to develop a lamp that used a low
amount of current. This lamp must have high resistance and use relatively
low voltage (around 110 volts).
 Carbon telephone transmitter

In 1876, Edison began work to improve the microphone for telephones (at that time called a
"transmitter") by developing a carbon microphone, which consists of two metal plates separated by
granules of carbon that would change resistance with the pressure of sound waves. A steady direct
current is passed between the plates through the granules and the varying resistance results in a
modulation of the current, creating a varying electric current that reproduces the varying pressure of the
sound wave.
Up to that point, microphones, such as the ones developed by Johann Philipp Reis and Alexander Graham
Bell, worked by generating a weak current. The carbon microphone works by modulating a direct current
and, subsequently, using a transformer to transfer the signal so generated to the telephone line. Edison
was one of many inventors working on the problem of creating a usable microphone for telephony by
having it modulate an electrical current passed through it. His work was concurrent with Emile Berliner's
loose-contact carbon transmitter (who lost a later patent case against Edison over the carbon
transmitters invention) and David Edward Hughes study and published paper on the physics of loose-
contact carbon transmitters (work that Hughes did not bother to patent).
Conclusions
• As since student of Englishman I have understood that the questions of simple past it is very
important, since it allows us to realize questions of an action that happened in a past moment
depending about whom one speaks.
Recommendations
• Only "gonna" should be used in informal contexts, never in formal
contexts.
• Since one of the very marked references we have that thomas
edison strained for obtaining a response of his experimentations
and it is so I manage to invent several scientific instruments
SONG
 Come as you are, as you were,
As I want you to be
As a friend, as a friend, as an old enemy
Take your time, hurry up
The choice is your, don't be late
Take a rest as a friend as an old memoria
Come dowsed in mud, soaked in bleach
As I want you to be
As a trend, as a friend, as an old memoria

And I swear that I don't have a gun

No I don't have a gun