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Unit IGC1
Element 1: Foundations in
Health and Safety
Learning Outcomes
On completion of this element, you should be able to
demonstrate understanding of the content through the
application of knowledge to familiar and unfamiliar
situations. In particular you should be able to:
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Unit IGC1
Element 1.1
• The Scope and Nature of Occupational Health and
Safety
Scope and Nature of Health and Safety
• Multi-Disciplinary
• Barriers to Good Standards
• Definitions
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Multi-Disciplinary
Health and safety practitioners need to be familiar
with:
• Chemistry/Physics/ Biology
• Engineering
• Psychology
• Sociology
• Legislation
– Standards which apply
– Strengths and weaknesses of options
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Barriers to Good Standards
• Complexity of the Workplace
• Conflicting Demands
– Timescales
– Standards
– Budgets
• Behavioural Issues
– People failing to act as
desired or making mistakes
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Definitions
• Welfare - provision of
facilities
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Definitions
Environmental Protection:
Prevention of damage to air, land, water and
living organisms
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Group Syndicate Exercise
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Group Syndicate Exercise - Answers
Key points include:
• Competes with other business aims
– Requires time and resources
• Seen as a “cost” to business
– Ignorance of true costs of injury/illness
• Ignorance of legal duties
• Ignorance of hazards
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End of Section Quiz
1. What barriers might there be to good
health and safety practice?
2. Define the terms
– Health
– Safety
– Welfare
Unit IGC1
Element 1.2
Moral reasons
Economic reasons
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The Size of the Problem
Global statistics from the International Labour
Organisation (ILO) SafeWork Programme:
K – NOWLEDGE
A – BILITY
T – RAINING
E – XPERIENCE
Group Exercise
Apart from employees, who else must the
employer protect?
Group Exercise
Anyone affected by their business activities:
• Visitors
– Invited / uninvited
– Lawful / unlawful (law differs from
country to country)
• Contractors
• Members of the public
Workers’ Responsibilities
Article 19 of C155 also places obligations on
workers, expanded in R164 as follows:
• Take reasonable care of their own safety and that
of other people
• Comply with safety instructions
• Use all safety equipment properly
• Report any situation which they believe could be
a hazard and which they cannot themselves
correct
• Report any work-related accident/ill-health
Workers’ Rights
Article 19 of C155 states that every worker must be:
• Given adequate information on actions the
employer has taken to ensure safety and health
• Given the right to the necessary training in safety
and health
• Consulted by the employer on all matters of safety
and health relating to their work
• Given the right to leave a workplace which he has
reason to think presents an imminent and serious
danger to his life or health, and not be compelled
to return until it is safe
Enforcement Agencies
No-fault systems
• National or regional
schemes
• No need to prove negligence
• Decided by a panel of
experts
• No lawyers or courts
• New Zealand and Sweden
Syndicate Group Exercise
Discuss the criminal and civil law implications of the following:
• A technician escapes injury by diving under a bench when a vessel
blows up as a result of a design defect
• A 12-year-old boy breaks his arm falling into a pit whilst playing on
an unfenced building site
• A machine operator is blinded in one eye by a colleague trying to
help him remove a jammed machine part using a hammer. There is
a safe way to remove the jammed part which does not involve the
use of a hammer and the area they are in is a mandatory eye
protection zone
• A scaffolder is electrocuted when the pole he is carrying touches a
live overhead cable. The scaffolder works for a company
contracted to a roofing company, in turn contracted to a factory
owner.
Other International Standards
International Organisation for Standardisation
• World's largest developer of management standards,
for example:
– ISO 9001 – Quality Management
– ISO 14001 – Environmental Management
– ISO 12100 – Safety of Machinery
• These standards are not "law", they're good
management practice
• They lead to a worldwide common approach to good
management
Other International Standards
Sources can be
• Internal
• External
... to the organisation