REVIEWING THE FORMS AND

GENRES OF LITERATURE

Mr. John Lexter L. Emberador

21st Century Literature from the Philippines
and the World
 ACTIVITY 1: BREAK THE CODE

• Decode each item by simply referring to the

letter table hereunder. To break the codes,
just look for the opposite letter of the code to
form the target word.
1.Y-V-G-R-E-N-G-H-E-R
2.C-B-R-G-E-L
3.S-B-E-M
4.C-E-B-F-R
5.T-R-A-E-R
6. S-V-P-G-V-B-A
7. Q-E-N-Z-N
8. A-B-A-S-V-P-G-V-B-A
9. E-U-L-G-U-Z
10. Y-N-A-T-H-N-T-R
 TWO MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE
1. PROSE
2. POETRY
• These two major forms of literature have distinct
and peculiar features which are truly noticeable.
• Their unique features can be best exemplified by
how the work is shaped and framed.
TWO MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE (CONT.)
PROSE
• This form is mainly ascribed to be composed freely.
• This form does not have any measurement scheme
for it is known to have a free-flow of sentences.
• It has greater irregularity
• The language used in this form is ordinary for it has
a close resemblance to man’s pattern of everyday
speech.
TWO MAJOR FORMS OF LITERATURE (CONT.)

POETRY
• It is the form of literature characterized by its
highly controlled manner of choosing and
arranging language with the use of regulating
devices such for sound and rhythm to
aesthetically convey a meaning which may call
for a specific emotional response.
 GENRES OF LITERATURE
• Barritugo et.al (2002) explained that literature has
specific classification.
• it can be classified into four genres namely:
poetry, prose fiction, drama, and non-fiction prose.
• Other genres are: creative non fiction,
hyperpoetry, blogs, mobile phone Texttula, chick
lit, speculative fiction, flash fiction, etc.
 GENRES OF LITERATURE

1. Poetry
• The most economical means of expression
since it only uses limited number of words.
• Its beauty is mainly forced by the intricate
and careful use of words and figurative
expression, imagery, rhythm, and sound.
 GENRES OF LITERATURE
2. Prose Fiction
• This is mainly characterized by scholars as any literary
work that is an imaginative recreation and reconstruction
of life.
• This type covers short stories and novels in which these
are said to be manifestations of the creative and
imaginative thinking of a particular writer.
• It recounts the flow and development of actions and
events involving an identified number of characters who
deal and react to certain conflicts and human issues.
 GENRES OF LITERATURE
3. Drama
• This involves stories involving significant human
encounters which are intended to be performed on
stage.
• It may involve a certain number of characters who
also deal with some complications and issues.
• It presents fictional or imaginative events presented
or portrayed by actors and actresses before an
audience.
 GENRES OF LITERATURE
4. Non-Fiction Prose
• This genre mainly attempts to present, to
interpret, or to describe facts. With such
judgements, opinions, and comments may
be framed and expressed in the form of
essays, featured articles, editorials and the
like.
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
5. Creative non-fiction
• also known as literary nonfiction or narrative nonfiction.
• is a genre of writing that uses literary styles and
techniques to create factually accurate narratives.
• Creative nonfiction contrasts with other nonfiction, such as
technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in
accurate fact, but is not primarily written in service to its
craft.
• As a genre, creative nonfiction is still relatively young, and
is only beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical
analysis given to fiction and poetry.
• Travel writing
• Nature writing
• Science writing
• Sports writing
• Biography
• Autobiography
• Memoir
• the interview, and
• both the familiar and personal essay.
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
6. Hyperpoetry
• a form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up.
• It is a very visual form, and is related to hypertext fiction and visual arts.
• The links mean that a hypertext poem has no set order, the poem
moving or being generated in response to the links that the reader/user
chooses.
• It can either involve set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are presented in
variable order but sit on the page much as traditional poetry does, or it
can contain parts of the poem that move and / or mutate.
• It is usually found online, though CD-ROM and diskette versions exist.
The earliest examples date to no later than the mid 1980s.
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
8. Blogs
• a web log
• a website containing short articles called posts
that are changed regularly.
• Some blogs are written by one person containing
their own opinions, interests and experiences,
while others are written by many different people.
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
9. Mobile phone Texttula
• a particular example of this poem is a tanaga , a type of
Filipino poem, consisting of four lines with seven syllables
each with the same rhyme at the end of each line - that is to
say a 7-7-7-7 syllabic verse, with an AABB rhyme scheme.
• The modern tanaga still uses the 7777 syllable count, but
rhymes range from dual rhyme forms: AABB, ABAB, ABBA;
to freestyle forms such as AAAB, BAAA, or ABCD.
• Tanagas do not have titles traditionally because the tanaga
should speak for itself. However, moderns can opt to give
them titles.
MAKATA NG CELLPHONE
FRANK G. RIVERA
ON SEPTEMBER 29, 2013
Bayang mahilig sa ganda/
Inuuna ang postura/
Walang laman ang bituka/
Kundi gasgas na pag-asa//

Si Megan Young nang manalo/

Nagbunyi ang Pilipino/
May dala sanang asenso/
Magkakapag-asa tayo//

Nagkagyera sa Mindanao/
Kaban ng bayan ninakaw/
Sa bagyo'y daming pumanaw/
Miss World, salamat sa araw//
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
9. Chick Lit
• genre fiction which addresses issues of modern
womanhood, often humorously and light-heartedly.
• The genre became popular in the late 1990s, with chick lit
titles topping best seller lists and the creation of imprints
devoted entirely to chick lit.
• Although it sometimes includes romantic elements, chick
lit is generally not considered a direct subcategory of the
romance novel genre, because the heroine's relationship
with her family or friends is often just as important as her
romantic relationships
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
10. Speculative Fiction
• an umbrella term encompassing the more
fantastical fiction genres, specifically science
fiction, fantasy, horror, weird fiction, supernatural
fiction, superhero fiction, utopian and dystopian
fiction, apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction,
and alternate history in literature as well as related
static, motion, and virtual arts.
 OTHER GENRES OF LITERATURE
11. Flash Fiction
• a style of fictional literature or fiction of extreme
brevity.
• There is no widely accepted definition of the length
of the category.
• Some self-described markets for flash fiction impose
caps as low as three hundred words, while others
consider stories as long as a thousand words to be
flash fiction.
"TOMORROW" BY SHRUTI PARTHASARATHY
FROM ONE-SENTENCE STORIES.
 PERFORMANCE TASK (VENN DIAGRAM)

•Using a Venn Diagram show

the similarities and differences
between prose and poetry.
 Activity Booklet
Quiz: Choose the letter of the CORRECT answer.

1. This form is mainly ascribed to be composed freely.

A. Poetry B. Non-fiction C. Drama D. Prose
2. This genre mainly attempts to present, to interpret, or to
describe facts.
A. Drama B. Non-fiction prose C. Poetry D. Fiction
prose
3. It is the form of literature characterized by its highly controlled
manner of choosing and arranging language with the use of
regulating devices.
A. Poetry B. Prose C. Non-fiction D. Fiction
4. A form of digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up.
A. Blogs B. Flash fiction C. Hyperpoetry D.Mobile phone
textulla
5. A genre fiction which addresses issues of modern womanhood,
often humorously and light-heartedly.
A. Chick lit B. Flash fiction C. Hyperpoetry D. Blogs
ANSWER KEY:

1. D
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. A