WHAT IS MUSIC?????

Music is the art of combining sounds of

varying pitch to produce a coherent
composition that is melodious,
harmonious, intelligible, and expressive
of ideas and emotions.
Music has the ability to alter, and to
manipulate, the moods, the characters
disposition and temperament of the listeners.

But for some of us may not know that

music has a therapeutic effect to the
listeners.

According to the theory of Pythagoras,

music has a healing effect.
 MUSICAL SOUNDS

Sound is the most basic medium of music.

It is produced either through a voice or an

instrument, or a combination of both.
 FOUR PROPERTIES OF SOUND

1) Pitch – This refers to the place of tone

in the musical scale. This also refers to
the highness or lowness of tone.

2) Duration – Sound is a result of

vibrations. Duration as a property of
sound refers to the length of time over
which vibration is maintained.
3) Volume – refers to the softness or
loudness of sound.

4) Timbre or Tone color – This has

something to do with or quality of sound.
The quality of tone or color quality of
sounds depends on the size, shape and
form of instrument.
 THE TWO MEDIUMS OF MUSIC

The Vocal Medium and

The Instrument Medium

 VOCAL MEDIUM

It is a human voice, the older and the

more popular of the two. Human voice
differs considerably in register or range in
timbre or quality.
 SIX VOCAL REGISTERS

a) Soprano – high register female voice.

b) Mezzo – soprano medium register,
female voice.
c) Alto or Contralto – medium
register, female voice.
d) Tenor – high register, male voice.
e) Baritone – medium register, male
voice.
f) Bass – low register male voice.
 TEN VOCAL QUALITIES

a)Coloratura Soprano – an
ornamented vocal music. It is labeled
as the highest and lightest of all human
voices.
b)Lyric Soprano – voice that is less
high and less ornamented. This quality
of voice is best suited to melodies.
c)Dramatic Soprano – heavier voice
that can convey intense emotion in
dramatic situation.
d)Mezzo-soprano – a woman’s voice,
mezzo means between. Mezzo-soprano
means between soprano and contralto.
e)Contralto – lowest of all female voices,
it is low but rich in quality.
f)Tenor – the highest natural adult male
voice.
g)Lyric Tenor – similar description of
lyric soprano. It is also best suited to sing
like a melody.
h) Dramatic tenor – it is also like
dramatic soprano, a voice that is less
heavy in characteristics and can convey
emotion in dramatic situation.
i) Baritone – a male voice between tenor
and bass.
j) Bass – a deep voice or sound.
 INSTRUMENT MEDIUM

There are three main types of musical

instruments namely:
Bowed – these are the strings.
Blown – these are brasses because they are
made of brass. Woodwinds are named
because originally they are made of wood.
Struck – these are called percussion
instruments.
 STRING INSTRUMENTS
Violin - a stringed musical instrument
Viola - an instrument of the
of treble pitch, played with a horsehair
violin family, larger than the
bow. It has four strings and a body of
violin and tuned a fifth lower.
characteristic rounded shape, narrowed
at the middle and with two f-shaped
sound holes.

Cello - a bass instrument of the
violin family, held upright on the
floor between the legs of the seated
player.
Double Bass - the largest and
lowest-pitched instrument of the
violin family, providing the bass
line of the orchestral string
section and also much used in
jazz.
Guitar - a stringed musical
instrument with a fretted
fingerboard, typically
incurved sides, and six or
twelve strings, played by
plucking or strumming with
the fingers or a plectrum.
Woodwind Instruments

Flute - a wind
instrument made
from a tube with
holes along it that
are stopped by the
fingers or keys,
held vertically or
horizontally so that
the player's breath
strikes a narrow
edge.

Clarinet - a woodwind
instrument with a single-reed
mouthpiece, a cylindrical tube
with a flared end, and holes
stopped by keys.
Bass Clarinet - The bass
clarinet is a musical
instrument of the clarinet
family. Like the more
common soprano B♭
clarinet, it is usually
pitched in B♭, but it plays
notes an octave below the
soprano B♭ clarinet. Bass
clarinets in other keys,
notably C and A, also
exist, but are very rare.
Bassoon - The bassoon is a
woodwind instrument in the double
reed family that typically plays music
written in the bass and tenor clefs,
and occasionally the treble.
Contrabassoon - The
contrabassoon, also known as the
double bassoon, is a larger version
of the bassoon, sounding an octave
lower. Its technique is similar to its
smaller cousin, with a few notable
differences.
 BASS INSTRUMENTS
Trumpet - a brass musical
instrument with a flared bell
and a bright, penetrating
tone. The modern
instrument has the tubing
looped to form a straight-
sided coil, with three valves.
French horn - a brass
instrument with a coiled
tube, valves, and a wide bell,
developed from the simple
hunting horn in the 17th
century. It is played with the
right hand in the bell to
soften the tone and increase
the range of available
harmonics.
 Tuba - a large brass wind
Trombone - a large brass instrument of bass pitch, with three
wind instrument with straight to six valves and a broad bell
tubing in three sections, ending typically facing upward.
in a bell over the player's left
shoulder, different fundamental
notes being made using a
forward-pointing extendable
slide.
Cornet - a brass instrument resembling a trumpet but shorter
and wider, played chiefly in bands.
Percussion Instruments
Glockenspiel - a
musical percussion
instrument having a
set of tuned metal
pieces mounted in a
frame and struck with
small hammers.

Xylophone - a musical
instrument played by
striking a row of wooden
bars of graduated length
with one or more small
wooden or plastic mallets.
Brass Cymbals - a concave metal
plate (as of brass or bronze) that
produces a brilliant clashing tone
and that is struck with a drumstick
or is used in pairs struck glancingly
together.

Chimes - a bell or a metal bar

or tube, typically one of a set
tuned to produce a melodious
series of ringing sounds when
struck.
Harp - a musical instrument, roughly
triangular in shape, consisting of a frame
supporting a graduated series of parallel
strings, played by plucking with the
fingers. The modern orchestral harp has
an upright frame, with pedals that enable
the strings to be retuned to different keys.
 KEYBOARD INSTRUMENTS
Piano - a large keyboard Organ - a large musical instrument
musical instrument with having rows of tuned pipes sounded
a wooden case enclosing by compressed air, and played using
a soundboard and metal one or more keyboards to produce a
strings, which are struck wide range of musical effects.
by hammers when the
keys are depressed.
 ENSEMBLE

This is a combination of different musical

instruments mentioned above or two or
more performers engaged in playing the
instruments or singing a piece of music
called ensembles.
There are some kinds of ensembles:

Orchestra – this is the most elaborate

kind of ensemble production. Several
instruments of the same kind are usually
given a part.
Symphony Orchestra – an orchestra is
designed as an elaborate kind of ensemble.
At least 100 players are demanded.
Concerto – a written piece for one or
more solo instruments and orchestra in
three movements.
Band – like an orchestra, it is large but it is
mainly consisting of wind and percussion.
It is handy during outdoor events.
Rondalla – the most popular musical
group of the Philippines. It is mainly
composed of stringed instruments though it
also used the piccolo.
 Appreciating Music

 Like all kinds of arts, music has a

communicative aspect.
 The musician has something to say which he
wants humanity to understand.
 Human seek to gain knowledge about other
individuals as part of social nature.
 When a person creates sounds, we tend to
search for a message, or at least we expect that
something about a person can infer such as facts
of his or her emotional life.
Considerations in Appreciating Music

Purity and Harmony – this refers to the

quality of voice, the wholeness of voice that reduces
vagueness.

Relaxing Sound – sound gives effects to the

listeners but not same sound produces the same
effect.

Message – when a person creates sounds, we

tend to search for a message, or we expect that
something about that person can be inferred.
 The Artists and their Works
Dylan, Bob (dilan) Pseudonym of Robert
Zimmerman(1941-)
Folk-singer and songwriter , born in Duluth,
Minnesota, USA. Taking his professional name from the
poet Dylan Thomas, he rose to fame in the 1960’s,
following the folk tradition of Woody Guthrie but
introducing a fresh social and political awareness.
The Beatles (1960-1970)

British pop group, formed in Liverpool, north-west

England, UK in 1960, consisting at that time of John
Lennon (1940-1980), Paul McCartney (1942 - ), George
Harrison (1943 - ), and Pete Best (1941 -) who was
replaced by Ringo Starr (1940 -) in 1962.
Beethoven, Ludwig van (baytohvn)

Composer, born in Bonn, Germany. Miserably brought

up by a father who wanted him to become a profitable
infant prodigy, he joined the Elector of Cologne’s
orchestra at Bonn.
Freddie Aguilar

 Freddie Aguilar brought Philippine folk pop music to

new heights when his song Anak not only was a
significant hit in the Filipino music scene, but in the
international arena as well; having been translated and
recorded in 11 foreign languages.
Levi Celerio

National artist Levi Celerio was born in the slums of

Tondo, Manila on April 30, 1910. When he was 11, he took
lessons from the Philippine Constabulary and later
became a member.
 HOW TO APPRECIATE
FOLKSONGS
Steps:

1) Pay close attention to the music

2) Identify from what region the

song from

3) Listen to the tune of the song.

 POP MUSIC
Popular commercial music, with its audience mainly
among the young, current since the late 1950s

The Beatles in the 1960s were one of the first groups

to experiment radically with the basic rock format.

Pop music is generally played, presented, and

marketed for a teenage audience, with success
measured in terms of the various pop charts
(particularly in the UK the Music Week/ Gallup/ BBC
chart, and in the USA the Billboard chart), which list
records in order of sales attained.
 RAP
A musical style which started in the streets of
New York with inner-city high-school students
chanting crude incantations over rock records
customized by reversing the turntable and
distorting the amplification.

The rappers seemed genuinely surprised that

anyone would take their doggerel so seriously,
and most of them retreated into innocuous
banality.
Points on how to learn to rap
1)Voice Quality

2)Practice rapping in consonance with the

beating of the background music

3)Make rap a hearty expression of the truth

 OPERA
A stage work in which music plays a
continuous or substantial role.

The history of opera has largely been one

of reforms introduced to correct an
imbalance between the demands of music
and those of the drama.
 ROCK MUSIC
A type of popular music, originally called rock
and roll, which spread throughout the USA and
Europe in the 1950s.

The term ‘rock and roll’ was popularized by

Cleveland disc jockey Alan Freed, who was also
the first person to play rhythm and blues music to
a predominantly white radio audience.
During the 1960s, the format was expanded
considerably by such artists as Bob Dylan and
Jimi Hendrix, and by bands such as the Rolling
Stones and The Beatles.

Over the period, rock music has diversified into

a distinct series of subgenres, such as hard rock,
in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and punk rock
in the late 1970s-most of which have been
characterized not only by musical differences but
by their own associated features in dress,
lifestyle, and (in the 1980s) video publicity.
 Philippine Folk Songs

 Bahay kubo  Si Nanay si Tatay

 Magtanim ay Di Biro  Pamulinawen
 Paruparong bukid  Ti Ayat Ti Maysa
 Salampating Nga Ubing
Guminaro  Manang Biday
 Sarong Banggi  O Naraniag a
 Dandansuy Bulan
 May Kabaw
Ang Bol-anon
Atin Cu Pung Singsing
O caca O caca
Leron, Leron Sinta
Si Felimon
 Tips on how to write a song

1) Know your purpose

2)Place to write a song

3)Seek inspirations

4)Ask others a comment on your work

5)The right words and phrases

MONTISA!!