‫جامعة‬ 4.

The Design Process and Product

‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ What are the six phases of the mechanical
design process?
■ What are the three prime sources for new

Product Design IE568

products?
■ What does it mean for a product to be
“mature”?
■ How can a SWOT analysis help choose which
products to develop? (Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities, and Threats)
■ How did Benjamin Franklin contribute to
decision making?
■ What are the six basic decision-making
Prof. Dr. activities?
Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ The six phases of the mechanical design
process?
- Regardless of the product being developed or

Product Design IE568

changed, or the industry, there is a generic set
of phases that must be accomplished for all
projects. These are:
1. Product Discovery
2. Project Planning
3. Product Definition
4. Conceptual Design
5. Product Development
6. Product Support
Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ The six phases of the
mechanical design
process?

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Product Discovery
- Is to develop a list of design projects that includes
new products and product changes, and to choose

Product Design IE568

which projects to work on. There are three prime
sources for new products:
- Market pull,
- Technology push, and
- Product change.

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Project Planning
- Is to plan so that the
company’s resources of

Product Design IE568

money, people, and equipment
can be allocated and accounted
- Planning requires a
commitment of people and
resources from all parts of the
company
- Generating a set of tasks that
need to be performed and a
sequence for them
Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Product Definition
- Is to understand the
problem and lay the

Product Design IE568

foundation for the remainder
of the design project
- Identify the customers
- Generate the customers’
requirements
- Generate engineering
specifications
- Set targets for its
performance
Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Conceptual Design - - Generate and evaluate concepts
for the product or product changes

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Product Development: After concepts have been generated
and evaluated, it is time to refine the best of them into actual products

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Product Support: Continued need for manufacturing and
assembly support, support for vendors, and marketing support

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ Design quality into a product: Quality cannot be
manufactured or inspected into a product, it must be designed into it.

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ What does it mean for a product to be
“mature”?
- Maturity “S” curve shows the stages a technology

Product Design IE568

matures through as it goes from a new product to a
mature product

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ What does it mean for a product to be
“mature”?
- By the time a technology begins to reach maturity, the market

Product Design IE568

is saturated with competition and companies need to decide if
they are going to continue to develop using the existing
technologies or innovate, develop new technologies, and begin
the “S” curve again

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ The Kano diagram for customer Satisfaction
- Basic features refer to
customers’

Product Design IE568

requirements that are
not verbalized as they
specify assumed
functions of the device
- Performance features
are verbalized in the
form that the better the
performance, the
better the product
- Excitement-quality
features are often
called “wow
requirements

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ How can a SWOT analysis help choose which
products to develop?
- SWOT: stands for Strengths, Weaknesses,

Product Design IE568

Opportunities, and Threats
- The method list the four SWOT items on a quad chart
each filled in with SWOT entries
- Then, weigh the strengths versus the weaknesses and
the opportunities versus the threats
- Example: a bicycle manufacturing company is
considering adding a tandem bicycle to its product line

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ SWOT
Example

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ How did Benjamin Franklin contribute to
decision making?
- A pro-con analysis. An early, recorded used by

Product Design IE568

Benjamin Franklin.
- Franklin advises five steps for making a decision
1. Step 1: Make two columns on a sheet of paper and label one “Pros” and
the other “Cons.”
2. Step 2: Fill in the columns with all the pros and cons of an alternative.
3. Step 3: Estimate the importance of each pro and each con.
4. Step 4: Eliminate pros and cons this way:
a. When two are of about equal importance, cross them both out and
b. Find other importance equalities of pros and cons—for example, the
importance of two pros equals three cons—and then strike them out.
5. Step 5:When one or the other column becomes dominant, then “come to
the determination accordingly.”
Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery

Product Design IE568

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department
 ‫جامعة‬ 4. The Design Process and Product
‫اليرموك‬ Discovery
■ What are the six basic decision-making
activities? There are six basic activities
1. Clarify the issue that needs a satisfactory solution.

Product Design IE568

2. Generate alternatives—itemize the potential solutions
3. Develop criteria as they measure a satisfactory solution
4. Identify criteria importance of each criterion relative to the others.
5. Evaluate the value of the alternatives by comparing them to the criteria
6. Based on the evaluation results, decide what to do next. This
decision will direct the process to
a. Add, eliminate, or refine alternatives.
b. Refine criteria.
c. Refine evaluation—work to gain consensus and reduce uncertainty.
d. Choose an alternative—you’ve made a decision, document it and address other issues.

Prof. Dr. Mohammad D. AL-Tahat 8 December 2018 4:23 AM Industrial Engineering Department