Main Reference:

Marquez, L. (2018). Trends, networks and critical thinking in the 21st century culture. Quezon City:
Philippines. C & E Publishing, Inc.
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
• What period do you like most?

• What were the changes in the

standards of beauty in the Philippines
for the past 100 years?

• Were the changes good or bad?

 ZEITGEIST
“Spirit of the Age”
• Dominant ideals and beliefs that
motivate the actions of the members
of a society in a particular period

• Every period has its own personality

TRENDS

#Trending

#Trending
 TREND
• A directed movement or behavior

• Implies change: positive or negative,

good or bad, stable or erratic

• It is unpredictable
 FAD
• Highly interesting in a relatively short
period of time

• Comes and goes, short-lived

 FAD
• It helps to predict a trend

• Example: Late ‘80s and Early ‘90s

Fad  Boom in the computer
industry

Trend  Taking computer-related

courses such as computer science
or information technology in the
tertiary education
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
1. APPEAL
• Degree of attraction
FAD TREND
 Easy to get  Easy to get
 Makes people look or  Makes people look or
feel better feel better
 Does not deviate  Does not deviate
much from the general much from the general
norm or status quo norm or status quo
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
2. RESULT
• Impact
• Ability to produce a sustainable
movement or change
FAD TREND
 Hyped or advertised  Endures with or without
(usually by media) publicity
 Dependent on  Continues for a long
marketing period of time with or
 People tend to forget without the aid of
about it advertisements
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
3. SCOPE
• Extent of influence
FAD TREND
 Caters to and  Caters to and
accepted by a limited accepted by a wide
group of people audience or a large
group of consumers
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
4. SUPPORT
• Structure that enables a fad or a trend
to be sustainable
FAD TREND
 Support is almost  Supported by a number
inexistent and unclear of fads, existing trends
 Does not have a and prevalent socio-
formidable support economic, political and
system religio-cultural factors,
etc.
 Efforts are conducted to
bolster the longevity of
the lifeline of a desired
trend
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
5. SUSTAINABILITY
• Length of time of continuous existence
FAD TREND
 Relatively brief  Long period of time
 Few weeks up to a  Months and years
few months
 ELEMENTS & CHARACTERISTICS
OF A TREND
6. VALUE
• Utility or usefulness
FAD TREND
 Limited only to areas  Different areas which
where it is directly may or may not be
related related
 PATTERN RECOGNITION
• Identifying patterns  Recognizing
emerging trends

• Encountering patterns  Adapting to

the world

• “No innate ideas” - Locke

 STAGES
1. REPRESENTATION
• Real world objects have to be
represented in a formal way

• Observations must be integrated with

the existing knowledge

• Largely influences the success of the

stages to come
 STAGES
• ADAPTATION
• Intermediary state between
representation and generalization

• Learning methodology or problem

statement are adapted or extended to
enhance final recognition

• May reduce or simplify representation or

may enrich by emphasizing particular
aspects
 STAGES
2. GENERALIZATION

• Inference

• The mind abstracts the general idea

from a pool of existing
representations
 STAGES
3. EVALUATION

• Estimates how the pattern

recognition performs on known
training and validation

• Unsatisfactory: Previous steps have to

be reconsidered
PERFORMANCE TASK:
GROUP REPORTING

• Each group will be assigned with a

specific decade

• The group will identify one trend/fad

for each area (fashion, movie, music,
game and gadget)

• Prepare a comprehensive PowerPoint

Presentation
PERFORMANCE TASK:
GROUP REPORTING

• Task for each member:

PowerPoint Presentation: One/Two
Note: 5-8 slides
Explanation: One/Two
Note: 8-10 minutes
Hand-out: One
Note: Long Bond Paper, 1-2 pages
Century Gothic, 11
PERFORMANCE TASK:
GROUP REPORTING

• Criteria:
PowerPoint Presentation- 10
Explanation- 10
Hand-out- 5
Total: 25 points
PERFORMANCE TASK:
GROUP REPORTING

1. 1960
2. 1970
3. 1980
4. 1990
5. 2000