MANUFACTURING

OF
FERTILIZER

PRESENTED BY
ANIL KUMAR
ROLL NO. 1616651902
 CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 ABOUT IFFCO
 HIGHLIGHTS OF AONLA UNIT
 UREA PLANT
 RAW MATERIALS
 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF UREA
 USES OF UREA
 PROCESSES
 FLOW DIAGRAM OF UREA PLANT
 MAIN PARTS OF EQUIPMENT
 CHEMICAL STORAGE AND HANDLING
 INTRODUCTION
􀀀
 Indian farmers 􀀀fertilizers Co-operative Limited (IFFCO) was
􀀀
established on 3rd November,1967
 The fertilizer in India consists of three
 major
 The Government owned Public
 Sector
 undertakings, Cooperative Societies like
 IFFCO,
 KRIBHCO and units from Private sector.
 • The fertilizer industry has organized itself
 through
 Fertilizer Association India (FAI) to coordinate
 with
 the Government of India to achieve the macroeconomic
 objectives related to agricultural
 ABOUT IFFCO

 During mid-sixties the co-operative sector in

India was responsible
of 70% of fertilizers consumed in the country.
 IFFCO society is engaged in production and
 distribution of fertilizers.
 IFFCO PHULPUR is a ammonia-urea plant in
state of Uttar Pradesh established in 1981.
 Today IFFCO is making substantial contribution
to increase food grain production.
 HIGHLIGHTS OF AONLA UNIT

 Main Features
 Plant and township land area : 1273 acres
 Project actual cast : 660 crores

 Product Present Capacity

 Ammonia : 8,91,500 MT/annum
 Urea : 1452,000 MT/annum
 Major Inputs
 Natural gas :1.7 Million meter cube per day
 Water :31200 meter cube per day
 Plant Technology
 Ammonia : Halder topsoe Denmark
 Urea : Snam Progetli Itly
 STRUCTURE OF UREA

Urea also known as carbamide, is an organic

compound and chemical formula is [CO(NH2)2]
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF UREA

 Melting point :132.6

 Molecular weight :60.05
 Boiling point :Decomposes at atm
 Density at room temp. :1.335 kg/meter cube
 Heat of combustion :2531cal/g
 Critical humidity : 70.1
 Fusion heat :59.95kcal/kg
 Thermal conductivity :.191kcal/sec
 Specific heat at room temp. :0.321cal/gm/k
 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF UREA

 Urea is a white crystalline chemical product with a

melting point at 4200,it readily soluble in water . On
heating beyond its melting point , it decomposes giving
co2 and NH3 and other complex organic compounds of
carbon ,nitrogen ,oxygen . At 433k it decomposes to yield
ammonia
 LAYOUT OF IFFCO PLANT

 Two Power plants.

 Two Furnaces & Two Chimneys.
 Water Treatment System & Brick making unit.
 Packaging & Transportation Division.
PROCESS OF UREA PRODUCTION

 Natural gas is taken from GAIL through pipe lines

and stored in gas reservoirs.
 Natural gas is dissociated at high temperature &
pressure into a furnace.
 Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Carbon dioxide gases are
obtained after dissociation.
 Hydrogen & nitrogen is send to ammonia plant
while Carbon dioxide is stored separately.
 UREA PRODUCTION

• Ammonia and carbon di-oxide is reacted into mixing

plant where urea in vapour form is obtained.
2NH3 + CO2 = NH2CONH2 + WATER
• This urea vapour is condensed by natural convection in
a chimney of height 104 meters.
• At the base of chimney small spherical urea is obtained
which is further sent to packaging
 USES OF UREA

ITS MAIN APPLICATION ARE:-

 As fertilizer in agriculture.
 As cattle feed.
 As an important raw material for a number , like urea formaldehyde melamine
 Due to high nitrogen content of urea , the demand for fertilizer grade urea is
rising rapidly . Urea today accounts for a large percentage of nitrogenous
fertilizer .
 STEAM GENERATION PLANT

 Steam is generated at a pressure of 10.5 kg/sq.cm gauge

and is in saturated condition. Three boilers are available
of type three pass, smoke tube package boilers.

POWER PLANT

 Electricity is purchased from Gujarat electricity board

(GEB) through a double circuit 66 KV line from GEB
Anjar. In addition to this facility, they have one
emergency power DG set of 800 KVA capacity.
FLOW DIAGRAM OF UREA PLANT
CHEMICAL STORAGE AND HANDLING

 All chemical preparation tanks and metering pumps of

coagulation dosing system are located in the chemical
house . How ever acid storage transfer and measuring
system are located outdoor all chemicals are stored on
the ground floor of the building . The storage tank is
having suitable partition
 One month requirement of chemical from the tanker is
unloaded by means of two nose of metering pump each of
100% capacity . Stroke of pump controlled by PH of
respective location
THANK YOU !