 Is a loop of flexible material used to link two

or more rotating shafts mechanically. Belts

may be used as a source of motion, to transmit
power efficiently, or to track relative
movement.
 It is used when the distance between the
driving shaft and the driven shaft is too great to
be connected by pulleys and gears.
1. Belts
2. Ropes
3. Chains
 Flat belts: made of leather, rubber, or woven
fabrics that are flat and thin and run on pulleys
nearly cylindrical with smooth surfaces.
used to connect shafts as much as 30 ft. apart
and have a maximum speed of 4,500 fpm
 Vee Belts: are made of V-shaped cross-section
to be used on grooved pulleys we sometimes
called sheaves. Used to connect shafts that are
less than15 ft. apart and maximum speed of
5,000 fpm.
 Made of manila hemp(ABAKA), cotton or
wire are nearly circular in section and run on
either grooved pulleys or drums with flanges.
 Used for connecting shafts up to 100 feet, and
a maximum speed of 600 fpm.
 Composed of metallic links joined together and
run on either sprockets or drums either
grooved, notched or toothed to fit the links of
the chain.
 Connecting shafts that are less than 15ft. apart
and a maximum speed of up to 2,500 fpm
Types of Connection:
1. Open-Belt Connection
(same direction)
2. Crossed-Belt Connection
(opposite direction)
If thickness of the belt is considered:

If thickness of the belt is neglected:

If thickness of the belt is considered:

If thickness of the belt is neglected:

For Open and Crossed Belt Installations:
 V-Belt

Open-Belt

Crossed-Belt
1. A shaft turning 120 rpm is to drive another
shaft at 180 rpm. Find the diameter of the
two pulleys to give as nearly as possible a
belt speed of 2500 fpm.
2. Two parallel shafts, 30 in. apart are
connected by a belt drive. The driving
pulley is 20 in. in diameter and rotates 250
rpm. Determine the diameter of the driven
pulley and the belt length if:
a. The driven pulley rotates at 200 rpm
(open belt)
b. The driven pulley rotates at 400 rpm
(crossed belt)
3. A 20-in. diameter pulley and a 40-in. pulley
are used with an open belt to connect the
two shafts 6 ft. apart. Determine the
percentage error in calculating the belt
length by the approximate formula instead of
the exact formula.
Problem:
Two parallel shafts 39 in. apart are to be
connected by flat belt. The driving pulley rotates
at 250 rpm and the driven pulley at 600 rpm.
The smaller pulley diameter is 10 in. For both an
open belt and crossed belt installation,
determine:
a. Approximate belt length, La in inches
b. Exact belt length, Le in inches
c. Percentage error, %Error (up to 4 decimal
places)
d. Draw the front and top view elevation of the
two installations given b = 4 in. and t = 3/16 in.
(Use appropriate scale)
*Refer to figures 10-1 and 10-4, pages 318 and 321.
 A sprocket is a toothed wheel upon
which a chain rides. Contrary to
popular opinion, a sprocket is not a
gear.
 Hoisting or Hauling Chains
1. Coil chain
2. Stud-link chain
 Conveyor Chains
1. Detachable or Hook-joint
2. Closed-end Pintle
 Power-Transmission Chains
1. Block chain
2. Roller chain
3. Silent chain
4 Types of sprocket;

 Plain Plate sprockets (Type A)

 Hub on one side (Type B)
 Hub on both sides (Type C)
 Detachable hub (Type D)
 The distance between similar, equally
spaced tooth surfaces, in a given direction
and along a given curve or line.
Chain
F

F
Sprocket
RC XY
0 = standard dimension
1 = light weight
5 = roller less

P = X (1/8); inches

Example:
RC 40

P = 4 (1/8)
P = ½ in. or 0.5 in.
Chain Pitch Roller Roller Pin Link Plate Sprocket
No. Diameter Width Diameter Thickness Thickness

25 1/4" 0.130" 1/8" 0.0905” 0.030” 0.110"

35 3/8" 0.200" 3/16" 0.141” 0.050” 0.168"

40 1/2" 5/16" 5/16" 0.156” 0.060” 0.284"

41 1/2" 0.306" 1/4" 0.141” 0.050” 0.227"

50 5/8" 0.400" 3/8" 0.200” 0.080” 0.343"

60 3/4" 15/32" 1/2" 0.234” 0.094” 0.459"

80 1" 5/8" 5/8" 0.312” 0.125” 0.575"

1. A 1 in. pitch roller chain is used with a 17-
tooth sprocket rotating at 300 rpm to drive a
sprocket at 100 rpm. Determine the number
of teeth on the driven sprocket, the pitch
diameter of each sprocket, and the length of
the chain in pitches if the center distance is
36 in.
Two parallel shafts, 30 pitches apart are to be
connected by RC 60 chain. A 4 in. diameter
sprocket rotating at 900 rpm drives a 6 in.
diameter sprocket. Determine:
a. The angular speed of the driven sprocket
b. The number of teeth to the two sprockets
c. The length of chain in pitches
d. The dimensions of the roller chain
e. Sketch the top and front view elevation
f. Label the parts properly
 1. Start by drawing a
three radial lines from the
center of the blank to the
edge, separated by an
angle equal to the angle
between teeth.
 2. Draw lines parallel to
these lines, at a distance
equal to the pitch of the
chain
 3. A roller will be located  4. Draw lines between the
at each intersection of the roller centers.
parallel lines and the
pitch circle. Draw a circle
equal to the roller
diameter of the chain.
 5. Draw circles around the  6. The tooth profile is as
roller centers, that pass shown.
through the intersection
of the other roller and the
line between centers.
Francis Besa
Virgilio Pacites Jr.
Mark Louie Daza