Characteristics, Strengths,

Weaknesses, and Kinds of

Quantitative Research
 Learning Objective

 To describe the characteristics,

strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research
Key Understanding
 Knowledge of the characteristics,
strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research
Key Question
 What are the characteristics,
strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research?
Quantitative Research - is a way of making
any phenomenon or any sensory experience
clearer or more meaningful by gathering and
examining facts and information about such
person, thing, place, or event appealing to
your senses. It involves measurements and
amounts and seeks to find answers to
questions starting with how many, how
much, how long, to what extent, and the like.
 Characteristics of Quantitative
Research
 Quantitative research uses numbers and
figures to denote a particular thing.

 Quantitative research requires you to

focus your full attention on the object of
your study.
 Characteristics of Quantitative
Research
 Quantitative research is described as
objective research. Characterized by
objectiveness, only the real or factual, not
the emotional or cognitive existence of the
object, matters greatly to the artist.
 Characteristics of Quantitative
Research
 Quantitative research is analogous to
scientific or experimental thinking. In this
case, you just do not identify problems but
theorize, hypothesize, analyze, infer, and
create as well.
 Characteristics of Quantitative
Research
 Quantitative research usually happens in
hard sciences like physics, chemistry,
biology, and medicine; unlike qualitative
research, which happens in soft sciences
such as humanities, social sciences,
education, and psychology, among others.
 Strengths and Weaknesses
Standards Quantitative
 Mental survey of  Exists in the physical
reality world
 Cause-effect  Revealed by automatic
relationships descriptions of
circumstances or
conditions
 Researcher’s  Objective; least
involvement with the involvement by the
object/subject of the researcher
study
 Strengths and Weaknesses
Standards Quantitative
 Expression of data,  Numerals, statistics
data analysis and
findings
 Research plan  All research aspects are
planned before data
collection
 Behavior toward  Control or manipulation of
research aspects/ research conditions by the
conditions researcher
 Obtaining  Scientific method
knowledge
 Strengths and Weaknesses
Standards Quantitative
 Purpose  Evaluates objective and
examines cause-effect
relationships
 Data-analysis  Mathematically-based
technique methods
 Style of expression  Impersonal, scientific or
systematic
 Sampling technique  Random sampling as
the most preferred
Kinds of Quantitative Research

1. Experimental
True experimental, quasi-experimental, single
subject, and pre-experimental.
• 1st - give a pre-test to examine the initial
condition of both groups in relation to a variable,
condition, or factor
• 2nd - apply to the control group a new condition
• 3rd- give the latter group a post-test to determine
the effects or influence of the treatment or
condition applied on them.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

1. Experimental
Quasi-experimental comes in several
types such as matched comparative
group, time series, and counterbalanced
quasi-experimental.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

Types of quasi-experimental research

1. matched comparison – choosing a treatment
group and another group that has similarities
with the treatment group
2. time-series quasi-experimental research –
giving them series of pre-tests and post-tests
3. single-subject quasi-experimental research –
controls treatment and condition applied to just
one individual or a group
Kinds of Quantitative Research

2. Non-Experimental

It is incapable of establishing cause-effect

relationships; by itself, it is able, if it takes
place in conjunction with other experimental
and quasi-experimental research methods.
Kinds of Quantitative Research

2. Non-Experimental
It involves various ways of data analysis:
Primary – analysis of data collected by the
researcher himself/herself
Secondary – examination of data collected
by other people
Meta-analysis – analysis of data expressed
numerically
Kinds of Quantitative Research

2. Non-Experimental
It uses research method that is applicable to
both quantitative and qualitative data.
It collects data through survey, observation,
historical studies, case studies, documentary
analysis, and so on. (Suter, 2012;
Sarantakos, 2013)
Kinds of Quantitative Research

2. Non-Experimental
Survey
Historical studies
Observational
Correlational
Descriptive
Comparative research