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The Effectiveness of Four Step

Square Test and Timed Up and


Go Test on Patients with
Dynamic Balance Disorders due
to Post Stroke Non-hemorrhagic

Presented By: ________________________


Advisor: Ika Guslanda Bustam, M.Sc

L/O/G/O
Balance

Stability and orientation

Individual,task, environtment

Components of Postural
Control

Shumway-Cook, et al., 2012


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Components of Balance
Musculo
skeletal
Component
Neuro Internal
muscular Represen-
Synergies tations

POSTURA
L
CONTROL
Individual Adaptive
Sensory Mechanisms
Systems

Sensory Anticipatory
Strategies Mechanisms

Shumway-Cook, et al., 2012


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Stroke

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Development of Postural Control in Children

Shumway-Cook, et al., 2012


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Shumway-Cook, et al., 2012
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Shumway-Cook, et al., 2012
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Measurement
Clinical

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)


• One Leg Standing (OLS)
• Four Step Square Test (FSST)
• Timed Up & Go Test (TUG)

http://www.wisegeek.com

Nicollin et al, 2013; Williams et al, 2005; Butz et al, 2015


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Measurement
Clinical

• Berg Balance Scale (BBS)


• One Leg Standing (OLS)
• Four Step Square Test (FSST)
• Timed Up & Go Test (TUG)

http://www.wisegeek.com

Nicollin et al, 2013; Williams et al, 2005; Butz et al, 2015


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Timed Up and Go Test
TUG Test

Purposes Outcome Geriatric Padiatric


population population

Podsiadlo, and Richardson (1991)


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Inter-Intrarater Reliability
TUG Test

• Good Interrater reliability (ICC(1,1) = 0.89) within session, good


test-retest reliability (ICC(1,3)= 0.83).
• Excellent Intrarater reliability (ICC(2,1) = 0.96).

Validity
• Correlates well with GMFM (r=-0.55, p<0.001)

Advantages
• Simple and inexpensive
• Less than 5 minutes
• Component of Balance

Disadvantages
• Use some tools
• Need Space
Butz, et al 2015; Nicollin et al, 2013; Williams et al, 2005
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Prosedure

3 Meters
Podsiadlo, and Richardson (1991)
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Four Step Square Test
Purposes
Scoring
Pediatric
Geriatric
Podsiadlo, and Richardson (1991)
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The Procedure of TUG
Test

3 Meters
Podsiadlo, and Richardson (1991)
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The Procedure of FSST

Podsiadlo, and Richardson (1991)


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Thank you!

Khoop khun ka
L/O/G/O

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