Rofpsf /f]u /

ls/fx? Pjd\
ltgsf] Joj:yfkg
!= v}/f] Knfi6/ /f]u (Brown Plaster mold)
• of] /f]u Papulaspora Byssina 9';Laf6 nfUb5 .
• of] ljz]ifu/]/ Aof8sf] dfly / s]l;ª u/]sf]
df6f]dfly b]vfkb{5 .
• of] /f]usf] nIf0f :j?k Aof8dfly / s]l;ª u/]sf]
df6f]dfly klxn] ;]tf] lkmSsf v}/f] /+u x'Fb}
kl5 uf8f v}/f] kfp8/h:tf] w'nf] b]vf kb{5 .
• of] /f]u nfu]sf] Aof8af6 Rofp l9nf lg:sG5 / sd
kmN5 .
!= v}/f] Knfi6/ /f]u (Brown Plaster mold)
• klxn] k|of]u u/]sf] sDkf]i6 /fd|/L ;kmf
gubf{ To;af6 gofF Aof8df of] /f]u ;b{5 .
• sf]7fdf /fd|f] xfjf ;~rfng gx'Fbf tfkqmd a9L x'Fbf /
sDkf]i6 dndf a9L lr:ofg x'bf of] /f]u rfF8}
km}nG5 .
• /f]u lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu @ k|ltztsf] kmdf{lngsf]
emf]n PskN6 agfO{ 5g]{ .
• xfjfsf] ;~rfng /fd|f] ldnfpg], s]l;ª u/]sf] df6f] /fd|
f];Fu pkrf/ ug]{ .
 @= 6«kmn /f]u (Wet Bubble DIsease)
• of] /f]u Mycogone sp hLjf0f'af6 nfUb5 .
• of] /f]u ljz]if u/]/ a9L udL{ ePsf] a]nfdf Aof8df nfUb5 .
• of] /f]usf] nIf0f :j?k ;aeGbf klxn] Aof8df ;fgf ;fgf ;]tf
8Nnfx? b]vf kb{5g\ . Kl5 oL 8Nnfx? /ftf] /+usf] x'G5g\ .
• of] /f]u nfu]sf] sf]7fdf ;Nkm/ jf Snf]l/g ljifflbsf] uGw
cfpF5 .
• o;sf] lgoGq0fsf nflu ljifflb k|of]u ug{ ;ls+b}g .
• To;}n] of] /f]u nfu]kl5 Aof8sf] dn g} 3/af6 6f9f kmfnL
lbg'kb{5 .
 #= xl/of] /f]u (Green mold)
• of] /f]u Trichoderma sp hftsf hLjf0f'af6 nfUb5 .
• of] /f]usf] nIf0f :j?k Aof8df xl/of] /+usf] 6f6f b]vf kb{5 .
• /f]u nfu]kl5 sDkf]i6df Rofpsf] 9';L x/fP/ hfG5 / ;fgf ;fgf Rofpsf]
u]8fx? lg:sg 5f8\5g\ .
• /fd|f];Fu pkrf/ gePsf] df6f]df of] /f]u nfUb5 / xfjfn] of] rfF8}
km}nfpF5 .
• ;fk]lIfs cfb|{tf a9L eO{ lr:ofg a9]df / tfkqmd a9L ePdf klg of] /f]u
rfF8} km}lnG5 .
• o; /f]usf] /f]syfdsf nflu )=)% k|ltzt j]gn]6 jf j]leli6g jf 8]/f];fn
PskN6 Aof8df 5ls{g'kb{5 .
• sf]7fsf] tfkqmd 36fP/ @)–@% l8=;]= df ldnfpg], df6f]sf] lk=Pr=
&=) Joj:yf ug]{ .
 $= ;'s]sf kmf]sf /f]u (Dry Bubble
Disease)
• of] /f]u Verticillium Fungicola sp hLjf0f'af6 nfUb5 .
• a9L tfkqmd, a9L ;fk]lIfs cfb{|tf / sd xfjf ;~rfng
ePsf] sf]7fdf of] /f]u nfUb5 .
• of] /f]u nfUg'sf] d'Vo sf/0f df6f] /fd|/L pkrf/
gugf{n] xf] .
• o;sf] nIf0f :j?k Rofp cfO;s]kl5 Rofpsf] dflyNnf]
efudf cyf{t Rofpsf] 5ftfsf] efudf lkmSsf v}/f]
/+usf] yf]Knf cfpF5g\ .
 $= ;'s]sf kmf]sf /f]u (Dry Bubble
Disease)
• To;kl5 8fF7 ;a} s'x]/ hfG5 . Rofp ;'s]/ hfG5 .
• o;sf] /f]syfdsf] nflu )=@% k|ltzt 8fOy]g h]8
– &* jf 8fOy]g Pd–$% bz lbgsf] km/sdf
5ls{g'kb{5 . s]l;ª ug]{ df6f] /fd|f] pkrf/
u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
• Rofp v]tLsf] 3/sf] sf]7fsf] tfkqmd sd -!$
l8=;]=_ ug]{ / ;fk]lIft cfb{|tf sd -*)–*% k|
ltzt_ ug]{ .
 %= v}/f] AofS6]l/of /f]u (Brown
Blotch)
• of] /f]u Pseudomonas Tolaasi hLjf0f'af6 nfUb5 .
• of] /f]usf] nIf0f :j?k Rofpsf] 5ftfh:tf] efudf kx]+nf] uf]nf]
uf]nf] cfsf/sf yf]Knf b]lvG5g\ / tL yf]Knfx? ldn]/ cGtdf v}/f]
x'G5 .
• of] /f]u w]/} nfu]sf] v08df 8fF7df klg v}/f] yf]Knfx? b]vf
kb{5g\ .
• of] /f]u nfUgfsf] sf/0f df6f] /fd|/L pkrf/ gugf{n] xf] .
• ;fk]lIfs cfb{|tf a9L eP/ xfjf ;~rfng sd ePdf 8fF7df w]/} ;do;Dd
lr;f] /lx/xG5 / o;n] ubf{ of] /f]u nfUb5 .
• o; /f]usf] lgoGq0fsf nflu Rofp cfPsf] a]nfdf ;fk]lIfs cfb{|tf *)
k|ltztdf ldnfpg‘kb{5 . ;fy} sf]7fdf /fd|f];Fu xfjf ;~rfng x'g lbg'
kb{5 .
 Rofpsf ls/fx?
!= ;'n;'n] (Mites)
• ;'n;'n] Rofpsf] Aof8df nfUb5 .
• o;n] vf;u/L Rofpsf] ;fgf ;fgf u]8f cfPsf]
a]nf Rofp cfpg nfu]sf] 9';L vfOlbG5 /
slxn]sflx+ cfO;s]sf] Rofpsf] dflyNnf]
5ftfsf] efu / 8fF7 ;d]t laufl/lbG5 .
• o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ )=)% k|ltzt b]lv )=! k|
ltztsf] g'jfgsf] emf]n Aof8df 5ls{g'kb{5 .
 Rofpsf ls/fx?
@= lem+uf (Flies) Rofpdf ljz]if u/]/ b'O{ k|
sf/sf lem+uf nfUb5g\ .
s_ l:sl/8 (Sciareds Flies) eGg] lem+ufx¿ ;fgf / sfnf
x'G5g\ . logn] c? /f]u Nofpg] sfd ub{5 . oL
lem+ufn] sDkf]i6 jf s]l;ª u/]sf] Aof8df km"n
kfb{5g\ . To;af6 nfef{ lg:sG5g\ . oL nfef{x?
n] Aof8df ePsf] 9';L vfG5g\ . H;n] ubf{ Rofp
cfpg ;Sb}g . ;fy} cfO;s]sf] Rofpdf klg 7fF8sf]
6'Kkf]af6 Kjfn kf/]/ leq ;a} Kjfn kfl/lbG5g\ .
 Rofpsf ls/fx?
v_ kmf]/L8 ˆnfOh (Phorids flies) csf]{ k|sf/sf]
lem+uf xf] . oL lem+ufx? sfnf x'b}gg\ o;sf] nfef{n]
Rofpsf] lapaf6 9';L km}lnPsf] a]nfdf 9';L
vfOlbG5 / slxn]sflx+ dfq RofpnfO{ gf]S;fg kfb{5 .
logsf] lgoGq0fsf nflu )=)% k|ltztsf] dfnfyfog lap
/f]Kg'eGbf b'O{ lbg cufl8 / s]l;ª ug'eGbf b'O{ lbg
cufl8 5sL{ lbg' cfjZos kb{5 .
• sf]7fnfO{ ;s];Dd lr;f] agfpg], Rofp v]tL u/]sf] sf]7fdf
jf 5fk|f]df dfG5]sf] cfjthfjtdf sd ug]{ / ;s];Dd em\ofn
9f]sfdf hfnL -!^ d];÷;]=ld=_ sf] Joj:yf ug]{ .