BUS TERMINUS CUM COMMERCIAL COMPLEX

AT AKOLA
INTRODUCTION
• India’s economic development and prosperity calls for increasing mobility of people to
access various activities and goods.
• A major share of the mobility surge is being catered to by road based transport, of
which a substantial component is met by buses.
• Transportation is one of the most important requirements for the aid of communication
from one place to other for visiting purpose or in the sense of tourism.
• A number of factors like the convenience from one place to the other, promotion of
tourism, for communication between places etc. have predicted the importance of planning
such as roadways industries in the essense of bus terminals.
• Transportation system improves the social, economic, industrial and commercial
progress.
• Bus terminals, are the hub of activities, of passenger and operators, and are spaces
where bus operators, State Transport Undertaking (STU) and passenger requirements
converge.
• These are one of the essential services, and a vital force for determining the direction of
development.
• To achieve the desired transportation balance and for the system to be efficient, it is
essential to provide organized facilities in the system.

MULTI-ACTIVITY SPACE CONCEPT

• Integrated Land Use Planning.
• Efficient use of space for entertainment, shopping & related activity.
• Concept of planning of different activity e.g. evolution of Commercial complex with
Transport hub i.e. daily shopping at terminal itself rather than going to market places and
thus save time.

EXISTING SCENARIO OF AKOLA

• Akola city is well connected to major cities by road.
• Maharashtra state transport buses are most commonly used by people to travel to rural
parts of the region.
• State-owned and private air-conditioned bus services run on daily basis to most major
cities to and from Akola.
• Bus service is available for cities like Pune, Nagpur, Bhopal, Indore, Hyderabad, Nanded,
Amravati, Mumbai, Nashik, Surat and Jabalpur, as well as other important cities and towns
in Maharashtra and the neighbouring states.
NEED OF THE DESIGN PROJECT IN AKOLA CITY :
• Rapid pace of Urbanisation ( Akola is the third largest city in Vidarbha region
after Nagpur and Amravati and 14th in Maharashtra. Akola is called the Cotton
City; it is one of the largest cotton-producing districts in central India).
• Increased need for Travel (since Akola is a city with majorly Railways and Bus
modes of Transport).
• Akola is a city with large no. of commuters on a day-to-day basis. Thus the
need of commercial complex for the ease of single journey experience. Also, there
is a need of commercial complex as a Hub for some Entertainment and
Commercial activities.
• A new concept of Integrated Land Use Planning in Akola City.

AIM :
To redesign a bus terminal for future and urban scenario with the incorporation
of commercial activities in it.

OBJECTIVES :
• To provide an architecture solution for integrating the Bus Terminal with
commercial complex.
• To provide fast & unrest ending flow of traffic.
• To provide clear segregation of different type of traffic, no congestion at peak
hour.
• To provide optimum connections between all elements and spaces, i.e. clear
connection of functions.
• To provide better infrastructure for passengers and staff.
• To incorporate today’s communication system in to design.
• To attract the public into using bus services which can reduce traffic on the roads
(highways) reducing pollution and making intercity travel faster.
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT:
• The main characteristic of bus terminals is their convergence function, because they serve
as important nodes of transfer between different modes. These nodes are the focus of
passenger activity, which is a potential ingredient for a vibrant city space. Needless to say,
high level of passenger activity attracts business and retail functions, which generates
secondary footfall and propels a mere terminal site into an attractive urban destination.
Thus, Indian cities require a new approach of planning and designing terminals, one
that views them as integrated in the urban realm and contributing to the quality of
the city space.
• Design involves maximizing the efficiency of traffic and pedestrian circulation inside
the bus terminus w.r.t. the site surroundings and the commercial complex within.

LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT:

• Since the design topic is redesigning of bus terminus in Akola, the case study involve
major contribution of modern bus terminals and minor of commercial complex.
• Main emphasis would be given to the designing and circulation of the bus terminus
rather than the commercial complex.

METHODOLOGY:
1) Understanding basic needs of design and its Scope and Limitations.
2) Necessary data collection & analysis.
3) Case study (Live and Book/Net case studies)
• Study of Spatial requirement
• Study of Spatial Inter-relationship
• Study of Spatial Organisation
• Study flow circulation of people and service
4) Comparative Analysis of case studies
5) Site Analysis
6) Program Brief Formulation
7) Evolution of design concept
8) Building concept & design
9) Final Design Solution
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction:
1. Interstate Bus Terminus
• In India, an Inter State Bus Terminal or Inter-State Bus Terminus (ISBT) is a bus
terminus that provides bus service to destinations located in other states.
• An ISBT may also provide bus services to destinations in the same state.
• Mostly ISBT Term is used in the Northern Part of India, In the western part of India, ST
Stand or State Transport Term is used.
• A bus terminus is a designated place where a bus or coach starts or ends its scheduled
route. The terminus is the designated place that a timetable is timed from.
• Termini can be located at bus stations, interchanges, bus garages or simple bus stops.
Termini can both start and stop at the same place, or may be in different locations for
starting and finishing a route.
• Terminals serve as a point of – Concentration, Dispersion, Loading/unloading of the
passengers, Interchange of mode, Storage of passengers and vehicles, Maintenance of
vehicles, Facilities and amenities for the users and crew, Documentation of movement
& information system.

2. Bus Stop
• A bus stop is a designated place where buses stop for passengers to board or alight
from a bus.
• These are normally positioned on the highway and are distinct from off-highway facilities
such as bus stations.
• The construction of bus stops tends to reflect the level of usage. Stops at busy locations
may have shelters, seating, and possibly electronic passenger information systems; less
busy stops may use a simple pole and flag to mark the location.

3. Bus Garage
• A bus garage, also known as a bus depot, bus base or bus barn, is a facility
where buses are stored and maintained.
• In many conurbations, bus garages are on the site of former car barns or tram sheds,
where trams (streetcars) were stored, and the operation transferred to buses. In other areas,
garages were built to replace horse-bus yards or on virgin sites when populations were not
as high as now.
• Most bus garages will contain the following elements – Internal and External Parking,
Fueling point and Fuel Storage Tanks, Engineering Section, Inspection Pits, Bus
wash, Brake Test Lane, Staff canteen/Break room and Administration room.
Types of terminus:

1. One stop :
• Many routes avoid the need to accommodate turning by having the end of the route form a
small circuit as an official part of the route.
• The terminus is designated as one stop on this circuit, with the bus starting and finishing in
the same orientation. This is often necessary in many town centers with one-way traffic
systems.
• Space permitting, the terminus may be a purpose built run-around Bus turnout, which
allows the bus to change direction simply by entering and leaving the turnout. Often the
infrastructure for this remains from a previous tram or trolleybus system.
• In rare cases, to allow a one stop terminus, routes may be arranged to start and finish at the
same terminus, with buses arriving as one scheduled route, and leaving as a different
route. This can also be done to allow a formal midpoint to split up a long route, reducing
the knock-on effect of delays.

2. Two stop :
• As opposed to a one stop arrangement, some routes that need to reverse direction at a
terminus will start and finish in different stops, and the pair of stops locations forms the
terminus. This necessitates running the bus out of service along other streets in order to
position in the bus for the reverse direction.
• In the UK this is often achieved by locating the terminus near a roundabout.
• In this case, the arrival point can be designated as a 'set down only' stop, where passengers
are not permitted to board.