Comparative,

Superlatives , Equatives
 Comparative
Comparatives are used to show the difference between two
objects, people, places, which have some characteristics in
particular which can be compared.
We sometimes want to say something or someone is more
or less than anything else, and in order to do that, we can
use the grammar rules to make comparatives.
 FORM
To make a comparative we need to use:
Subject or thing + verb + adjective in comparative form + than + subject or thing to compare
Example:
Juan runs faster than Mark.
I am taller than Beth.
New York is bigger than Los Angeles
 RULES
There are a few rules to make the verb in comparative form.
 For short (one-syllable) adjectives, add – er to the adjective.

 Add only – r if the adjective ends in e.

nice - nicer

My new boss is
nicer than my
old boss.
If a one syllable adjective ends with a consonant + a vowel + a
consonant you must double the last consonant and then ad – er.

big + er = bigger than

fat + er = fatter than

-The elephant is fatter than the giraffe.

For adjectives that end in y, change the y to i and
add – er.

I was busier at my old job than I am at my new job.

Mike is funnier than Isaac.

 For adjectives of two (not ending in -y) or more
syllables, add more/less before the adjective.

My new job is more interesting than my old job.

Irregular adjectives.
Activity
Superlatives
the biggest
We use the superlative
to compare more than
two people, places or
things.
Use superlative
adjectives to compare in
a group.
Rules
If an adjective has 1 syllable we add the ending
–est to the adjective.
• small + est = the smallest
•hard + est = the hardest
Mount Everest is the highest
mountain.
If a one syllable adjective ends with a consonant + a vowel +
a consonant you must double the last consonant and ad
–est.
• big + est = the biggest
•fat + est = the fattest
Al is the fattest
If an adjective ends with a “y”, remove the “y”
and add –iest.
•happy –y + iest = the happiest
•funny –y + iest = the funniest

heavy The elephant is the

heaviest.
If an adjective has two syllables (not ending in -y) or more
then add the word “most” before the word.
•beautiful + most = the most beautiful
•expensive + most = the most expensive
•satisfactory + most = the most satisfactory