Design and Fabrication of

Multifunctional Steering
Mechanism
By
Mr. Khatavkar Pranav Prakash
Mr. Doiphode Vivek Dattatrya
Mr. Ghaytadak Sanket Siddharth
Mr. Jambhale Shubham Rajendra

Guide :- Prof. P.R. Mane

INTRODUCTION
 Steering is the term applied to the collection of components,
linkages, etc. which will allow a vessel (ship, boat) or
vehicle (car, motorcycle, and bicycle) to follow the desired
course.
 Functions of the steering system-
 1. To control the angular motion the wheels and thus the
direction of motion of vehicle.
 2. To provide directional stability of the vehicle while going
straight ahead.
 3. To facilitate straight ahead condition of the vehicle after
completing a turn.
 4. To minimize tyre wear and increase the life of the tyres.
 Problem statement :-
 Nowadays all vehicles uses two wheel steering system,
but the efficiency of the two wheel steering (2WS) vehicle
is proven that it is still low compared to the four wheel
steering (4WS) system car. So, this project is based on
design a multifunctional steering mechanism.
 Project Problem Statement is as follows
1. Design steering wheel mechanism that will avoid
parking problem.
2. More comfortable steering mechanism in traffic way
ABSTRACT
 The aim of our project is to reduce the over
turning radius of automobile while steering with
the use of multimode steering system.
 In Multifunctional Steering mechanism, two
steering modes can be changed as needed which
assists in parking at heavy traffic conditions, and
while having a short turning radius on and offroad
driving.
 The main aim is that turning of the vehicle should
not require greater efforts on the part of the driver.
OBJECTIVE
 To reduce turning radius of a vehicle.
 This type steering wheel mechanism helps is
useful in traffic for easy movement of car.
 Saving of Time.
 Literature review:-
In an active four-wheel steering system, all four wheels
turn at the same time when the driver steers. In most active
four-wheel steering systems, the rear wheels are steered by
a computer and actuators.
The rear wheels generally cannot turn as far as the front
wheels.
Previously, 1) Honda had four-wheel steering as an option
in their 1987–2000 .
2)A new "Active Drive" system is introduced on the 2008
version of the Renault Laguna line.
TYPES OF STEERING

 Depending on the number and position of the wheels

being steered, steering systems can be classified as
follows:
1 FRONT WHEEL STEERING
2 REAR WHEEL STEERINNG
WORKING PRINCIPLE
Our project consists of a steering setup, spur gears,
bevel gears and lock nut. The modes are,
1. Front wheel steer.
2. Both front and rear wheel steer in same
direction.
3. Both wheels in opposite direction.
4.Inward direction so vehicle turn in 360 degree
DESIGN
R1 – Turning radius of the System
a1 - Distance of centre of gravity from front axle
a2 - Distance of centre of gravity from rear axle
r1 - Distance between instantaneous centres
W - Total weight
L - Wheel base
Wf – front track width
Wr – rear track width
δ if- Turning angle of inner front wheel
δof - Turning angle of outer front wheel
ADVANTAGES
 It consumes very less time to turn from one
direction to other direction.
 It is more efficient compare to other type of
load carry vehicle.
 To keep the driving controls as simple as
possible.
 Smaller turning radius.
APPLICATIONS
 U-Turns:- by minimizing the vehicle’s turning radius,
U-turns to be performed easily on narrow roads.
 Parking:- during a parking a vehicles driver typically
turns the steering wheels through a large angle to
achieve a small tuning radius.
 Narrow roads:- on narrow roads with tight bends,
counter-phase steering of the rear wheels
minimizes the vehicle’s turning radius, there by
reducing side-to side rotation of the steering
wheels and making the vehicle easier to turn.
Conclusion
 The project carried out by us made an
impressing task in the field of automobile
industries. It is very usefully for driver while
driving the vehicle.
 Time will be save by changing in assembly link
break and reduce the turning radius of car
Thank you