FEEDING DUCK AND QUAIL

Prepared by:
Buduan, Felone Char Patrice
Calderon, Glorianne Jeanne
Sagmayao, Cecile Joy
Sales, Dylan Joy
The Philippine duck industry is small
compared to chicken. However, it is
quite unique and has a special role in
our Filipino culture. The uniqueness
comes from the way that duck eggs are
being utilized.
• Unlike other Asian countries where duck eggs are
processed mainly into salted eggs and century
eggs, more than 80 % of duck eggs in the
Philippines are processed into “balut”.
• Duck meat production is mainly a by-product of
balut production, derived from mainly from excess
males and culls. As such, the supply and use of
duck meant are quite limited.
 Semester 1 Semester 1
2017 2018 2017 2018
Duck Duck eggs
PHILIPPINES 15,489.00 15,175.00 PHILIPPINES 23,225.00 23,460.00
..CAR 390 390 ..CAR 357 347
..Ilocos Region 1,102.00 904 ..Ilocos Region 777 702

..Cagayan Valley 1,182.00 1,297.00 ..Cagayan Valley 1,680.00 1,536.00

..Central Luzon 5,717.00 5,387.00 ..Central Luzon 9,498.00 8,833.00

PRODUCTION OF MEAT AND EGG

..CALABARZON

..MIMAROPA
258

124
271 ..CALABARZON

117 ..MIMAROPA
1,024.00

194
1,807.00

210
..Bicol Region
OF DUCK
..Western Visayas
638

1,410.00
654 ..Bicol Region

1,341.00 ..Western Visayas

709

2,310.00
840

2,334.00

..Central Visayas 131 139 ..Central Visayas 166 181

..Eastern Visayas 453 282 ..Eastern Visayas 317 225

..Zamboanga ..Zamboanga
134 116 731 880
Peninsula Peninsula
..Northern ..Northern
1,150.00 1,194.00 2,295.00 2,287.00
Mindanao Mindanao
..Davao Region 646 589 ..Davao Region 719 732
..SOCCSKSARGE ..SOCCSKSARGE
1,751.00 2,027.00 1,636.00 1,747.00
N N
..Caraga 53 76 ..Caraga 341 351
..ARMM 350 391 ..ARMM 471 448
Overview of the Philippine duck industry
There are number of advantages of rearing ducks
over chickens such:
Inexpensive
Non-elaborate housing facilities and little attention
Less space per head for rearing
Resistant to common avian diseases
Eggs are larger in size
Have thicker shell and unique flavour
Suitable for processing into value-added product
They usually command higher prices than
commercial chicken eggs
Feeding Practices (Ducks)
In the Philippine setting, backyard duck farmers usually
give raw materials as feed for ducks however the use of
poor-quality raw materials or giving incorrect nutrient
values to feed ingredients will result in the manufacture
of poor-quality feed. Different feed requirements are in
line with the stages of duck age, growth and production.
Starter ration is given when ducks are I day to 6 weeks only.
Grower ration is given when ducks are 6 weeks old.
Developer or fattening ration is given when birds are above
6 weeks old.
Duck rising is especially recommended in bay towns like those
bordering the shore of Laguna de Bay, where there are abundant
supplies of fresh water snails which make good duck food. Duck
raisers believed there can be no better substitute for young shells
and pond snails because these calcium-rich aquatic food ingredients
help form richer egg yolk and thicker egg shell that add premium to
duck eggs.
Duck Feeding Practice in Laguna Bay
The town of Victoria is the largest duck raising farm in
the province of Laguna and probably in the whole
Philippines. It became the destination of traders and
became known as the “Duck Raising Center of the
Philippines”
Duck egg production sites are normally located near the
rivers and lakes. Traditionally, lakes and rivers serve as
the sources of aquatic foods for the ducks such as snails
and shells. These aquatic foods are recognized as better
feeds as they help form richer egg yolk and thicker egg
shell that add premium to egg products.
Overview of the Philippine quail industry
Overall quail density for the Philippines is 7 birds
per km2. Thirteen municipalities/cities, nine of
which are in Bulacan, had densities of 500 to
1,334 birds per km2 and a further 32
municipalities, mostly in Regions III and VIA, had
100 to 500 per km2.
Most quail (87 %) are deemed to be commercially reared,
because investment costs and space requirements are low,
and quail holdings usually exceed 100 birds, which is the cut
off between commercial and smallholder “backyard”
production.
Quail are raised primarily for their eggs, but
excess males and expired females are also
sold for consumption.
Feed Nutrition (Quail)
Feeding management is very critical part of
commercial quail bird farming business.

A well-balanced nutritious feed ensures the

proper growth of birds, resulting in good body
weight gain in short duration
The major cause of failure in quail raising is the
faulty feeding practice employed by the farmer.
Most of our farmers feed commercial chicken feeds
to quails which is a wrong practice and must be
corrected since the protein requirements of
chicken and quails are different.
To compare the crude protein requirement of the
two, a table is prepared below:

With this data, we can assume that quails cannot survive

on chicken feeds for a long time. If so, mortality rates
would be high (70%) from day 1 to 45. Additionally, the
growth of the bird would be compromised so as its
reproduction period.
It is suggested that quails in their first six weeks should
be fed with crumbles containing 25-28% protein and
1.0% calcium for the first six weeks. The dietary
requirement for maturing quails should contain 24-26%
protein and high in phosphorous and calcium. Adding
limestone in starter rations or mash is advised for
resilient egg shells.
Feed supply should be available 24 hours daily.

The freshness of feed is very important and should be

stored in well-covered containers with tight lids kept
in clean, dry and cool area free from pests and other
microbes. Feed stored longer than eight weeks is
prone to vitamin deterioration and rancidity.
In the absence of feeds, quails can be fed
with insects, grains and various other
seeds.
 References
Asiafarming. (2018, April 7). Quail Bird Farming Information Guide | Asia Farming.
Retrieved from https://www.asiafarming.com/quail-bird-farming-information-
guide/

Chang, H. S., Dagaas, C., De Castro, N., Ranola, R., Lambio, A., &
Malabayuabas, M. L. (2002). An overview of the Philippine duck industry. Retrieved
from http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/57842/2/2003_chang1.pdf

CountrySTAT Philippines. (2018). Poultry and Eggs: Volume of Production by

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Animal Type. Retrieved from http://countrystat.psa.gov.ph/selection.asp

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Province and by Semester, 1994-2018. Retrieved from
http://countrystat.psa.gov.ph/selection.asp

Entrepinoys. (2015, January 2). Quail Raising, Feed Management Part 1. Retrieved
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Formulation and manufacture of feed for ducks (Volume 31 Number 3). (n.d.).
Retrieved from 11I nternational Hatchery Practice website:
http://www.positiveaction.info/pdfs/articles/hp31_3p11.pdf

Philippine Statistics Authority. (2018). Duck Situation Report, April - June 2018 (2546-
0625). Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/livestock-poultry-iprs/duck/inventory

Philippine Statistics Authority. (2018). Performance of Philippine Agriculture, April-June

2018. Retrieved from https://psa.gov.ph/ppa-main/livestock-poultry