CHAPTER 2:

REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITERATURE AND
STUDIES
GROUP 2
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

 Organization of this part is typically subject based. Underlying

the structure chosen is the importance of relating clearly and
in logical order what has been done in the past concerning the
problem that you are investigating. Suf ficient breadth and
depth are needed to adequately convey the context within
which your work is being conducted.

 This chapter serves as to tie together two things: what others

have done and what you plan to do. The review is supposed to
lead somewhere, namely to your own research and its
justification. Refer to several past theses and researches to
help you develop a writing style that provide some diversity.
 THE REVIEW IS DIVIDED INTO THREE
PARTS NAMELY

A. Related Literature (Foreign & Local),

B. Related Studies ( Foreign & Local),
C. Relationship of the Previous Studies to the
Present Study.
 A. RELATED LITERATURE

 The related literatures are articles taken from books, journals,

magazines, novels, poetry and many others.

 There are dif ferent ways to organize your literature review.

Make use of the subheadings to bring order and coherence to
your review. For example, having established the importance
of your research area and its current state of development,
you may devote several subsections on related issues such as:
theoretical models, measuring instruments, cross -cultural and
gender dif ferences, etc.
 Keep in mind that you are like telling a story to an audience.
Try to tell it in a stimulating and engaging manner. In other
words, do not bore the reader, because it may lead to
rejection of your worthy research or study.
 THE LITERATURE REVIEW SERVES
SEVERAL IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS:
1. Convinces your reader that your research will make
a significant and substantial contribution to the
literature.
2. Demonstrates your knowledge of the research
problem
3. Demonstrates your understanding of the theoretical
and research issues related to your research question.
4. Ensures that you are not "reinventing the wheel ".
 THE LITERATURE REVIEW SERVES
SEVERAL IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS:
5. Gives credit to those who have laid the groundwork
for your research.
6. Indicates your ability to integrate and synthesize
the existing literature
7. Provides new theoretical insights or develops a new
model as the conceptual framework for your research.
8. Shows your ability to critically evaluate relevant
literature information.
 THE LITERATURE REVIEW SERVES
SEVERAL IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS:
9. Most students literature reviews suffer from the
following problems:
a. Being repetitive and verbose
b. Citing irrelevant and trivial references
c. Depending too much on secondary sources
d. Failing to cite influential papers
f. Failing to critically evaluate cited papers
g. Failing to keep up with recent developments
h. Lacking focus, unity and coherence
i. Lacking organization and structure
 B. RELATED STUDIES

The related studies are taken from published

and unpublished theses/ dissertations or
published research journals.

For each study reviewed in Chapter 2 you

should include sufficient information that your
reader can evaluate the study and the validity
of the findings and conclusions .
 B. RELATED STUDIES

The goal is to:

1. Critique previous studies and describe similarities
and differences with the present study you are
conducting.
2. Include trends/themes in the studies as well as
gaps or controversy.
3. Report details sparingly and concentrates on
synthesizing and critiquing the study.
 B. RELATED STUDIES

 Though much of the material that you locate will not

find its way into your final draft of Chapter 2, your
writing inevitably reflects the time and energy that
you have spent in searching for related studies and
in note taking.
 The time spent checking one more source, getting
one more fact, learning about one more facet of your
problem will increase your confidence, give you a
firmer grasp of your topic and will be reflected in the
quality and scholarship of your research paper.
 C. RELATIONSHIP OF THE PREVIOUS
STUDIES TO THE PRESENT STUDY.
 The relationship of the previous studies to the
present study points out the similarities and
differences of the reviewed studies to the present
study in terms of the framework of the study,
methodology, analysis, etc.

 In this part, the researcher does not need to

stipulate anymore the year of publication or date in
which the study has been conducted.