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Women and Children

Why there is a need for a specific study?

▪ To better understand the sociological

issue involved in being a male or female
in our culture
▪ The term sex and gender have different
meaning.
Sex and Gender
Hermaphrodites
- Individuals with
a rare type of
birth defect that
leaves them
with a sex
organs of both
male and
female.
Gender Role of Identity and
Expectations

- Gender role socialization is carried by parents

who chose blue for the boys and pink for the girls.
Culture, through the socialization process,
teaches individuals the behavior that is expected
and not acceptable. Gender role identity is a
personal belief and system that shapes and
guides an individual’s tastes and actions. Gender
role expectations are the do’s and don’ts which
society imposes for males and females.
 Example:

Tony believes that boys

don’t cry and it is the man
responsibility to earn
money to support his
family. While the wife is
expected to clean the
house, do the laundry,
and take care of the
children’s needs.
Gender Inequality
Women at Home
Women at Work
Before Now
Health and Motherhood
Women and Public Life
Statistics of men and women in the
Philippines
Education
Literacy Rate in the Philippines
 Child Workers

Generally, children are forced to

do work due to family
expectations that everybody
should contribute to the family
income or help support their
educational aspirations because
their family can’t afford to send
them in school. Working children
are those aged 15 and below who
work in a public or private
establishment.
Child Labor
 Effects of Child Labor:

Physical Effect
Physical effects include
malnutrition; skin disease;
permanent or temporary
physical disabilities;
unexplained and unusual
bodily injuries; lacerations,
bruises, burns, sexually
transmitted disease and
death.
Hampering the child’s education

The work may force the child

to stop schooling, or be
dropped or fail in school. It is
a major concern that
children’s educational
attainment is hampered
because of frequent
absences, lack of time to
study, and monetary
constraints that originally
obliged them to work.
 Emotional/Psychological harm

When the child manifests

learning disabilities,
extreme depression,
emotional breakdown,
sense of alienation,
suicidal, aggressive
behavior, low self-image,
fear, absentmindedness.
 Violence Against Women and Children

The Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) and UNICEF were created to
develop programs and promote actions
worldwide to end the long-standing
mistreatment to women and children have
endured throughout history.
R.A 9262 Anti-Violence Against Women and their
Children
Rectifying the Social Inequities on
Women

NO TO GENDER DISCRIMINATION!
 Rectifying the Social Inequities on
Women
The Convention on the Elimination of
All Forms of Discrimination Against
Women (CEDAW)
 Local Initiatives

An instance would be the Anti-Rape

Law, or R.A No. 8353, passed on
Sept. 30,1997 which broadened the
definition of rape.
 Caring For the Future Generation
The United Nations for
Children’s Fund (UNICEF),
created on Dec. 1946, is a
special program of the UN
which aids State efforts in
improving education, health,
nutrition, and the general
welfare of children.

UNICEF is deeply concerned on the legislative efforts to lower

the minimum age of criminal responsibility; from 15 to 12, and
in some circumstances, to nine (9). UNICEF and civil society
call on the legislature to continue and improve the
implementation of the current law, the Juvenile Justice and
Welfare Act (JJWA) of 2006, as amended in 2012.
UNICEF is deeply concerned on the
legislative efforts to lower the
minimum age of criminal
responsibility; from 15 to 12, and in
some circumstances, to nine (9).
UNICEF and civil society call on the
legislature to continue and
improve the implementation of the
current law, the Juvenile Justice
and Welfare Act (JJWA) of 2006, as
amended in 2012.
TREATING SEVERE ACUTE
MALNUTRITION
Joemar's health has improved since
beginning treatment for
malnutritionJoemar is the perfect
example of a child deprived of many of
the rights and opportunities he is
entitled to. He was born to a poor
family in a remote indigenous
community in Palawan. Because of
those deprivations, he became a
severely malnourished child at risk of
dying before age five.