TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING

PROBLEM-1

P2 = 8 kN
Using graphical method, draw the
P1 = 5 kN shear and bending moment
5 cm
diagrams for the beam shown in
B C
A D the figure. Determine the
8 cm
absolute maximum bending
2m 2m 2m stress.
6m

FREE BODY DIAGRAM and

P2 = 8 kN SUPPORT REACTIONS
P1 = 5 kN
MA = 0; Dy(6) – P2(4) – P1(2) = 0
B C
A D
Dy = (32 + 10)/6 = 7 kN
Ay Dy
2m 2m 2m
Fy = 0; Ay – P1 – P2 + Dy = 0
Ay = P1 + P2 – Dy = 6 kN
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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-1
P2 = 8 kN
P1 = 5 kN

B C
A D SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
Ay Dy
2m 2m 2m
SHEAR FORCE AREA:
V (kN)
A1 = (6)(2) = 12 kN.m
6
A2 = (1)(2) = 2 kN.m
A2
A1
1 A3 = (–7)(2) = –14 kN.m

A3

–7
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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-1
P2 = 8 kN BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
P1 = 5 kN
5 cm
B C M0 = 0
A D 8 cm

Ay
M2 = M0 + A1 = 0 + 12 = 12 kN.m
Dy
2m 2m 2m

M4 = M2 + A2 = 12 + 2 = 14 kN.m
M (kN.m)
M6 = M4 + A3 = 14 – 14 = 0
14
12
Absolute maximum bending stress:
M maxc (14x103 )(0.04)
 max   3
 262.5 MPa
D I (0.05)(0.0 8)
A B C
12

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-2
P1=10 kN P2=15 kN
If the rod bar has a diameter of 100 mm,
A B
C
Determine the absolute maximum bending
stress in the shaft.
2m 2m 2m
6m

P1=10 kN FREE BODY DIAGRAM and

P2=15 kN
SUPPORT REACTIONS
A B
C
MA = 0; P1(2) – P2(2) + Cy(4) = 0
2m 2m 2m
Ay Cy Cy = (30 – 20)/4 = 2.5 kN

Fy = 0; Ay – P1 – P2 + Cy = 0

Ay = 22.5 kN
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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-2
P1=10 kN P2=15 kN

2m 2m 2m SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM

Ay = 22.5 kN Cy = 2.5 kN

V (kN) SHEAR FORCE AREA:

12.5 A1 = (–10)(2) = –20 kN.m

A2 A2 = (12.5)(2) = 25 kN.m
A3

-2.5 A3 = (–2.5)(2) = –5 kN.m

A1

-10

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-2
P1=10 kN P2=15 kN BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM

M0 = 0
2m 2m 2m M2 = M0 + A1
Ay = 22.5 kN Cy = 2.5 kN = 0 – 20 = –20 kN.m

M4 = M2 + A2
M (kN.m)
= –20 + 25 = 5 kN.m
5
M6 = M4 + A3
= 5–5= 0

Absolute maximum bending stress:

M maxc ( 20x103 )(0.05)
 max 
I

 
π
64
(0.1) 4
 203.7 MPa
-20
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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE-3

If the shaft has a diameter of 50 mm,

Determine the absolute maximum
Bending stress in the shaft.

Reaction forces:
MA = 0;
A B
8 x 0.4  12 x 0.25
By   0.25 kN
0.8
By
Ay 8 kN
12 kN
Fy = 0; Ay = 12 + 8 – By
Free-body diagram Ay = 19.75 kN

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE-3
A B
Bending moment diagram:

8 kN 0.25 kN M0 = 0
12 kN 19.75 kN

0.25 m 0.4 m 0.4 m M0.25 = –12x0.25 = –3 kN.m

M0.65= (–12x0.65)+(19.75x0.4)=0.1 kN.m

M
0.1 kN.m M1.05 = 0
x
Absolute maximum bending stress:
M max c ( 3 x103 )(25 x10 3 )
 max 
I

 

64

(50 x10 ) 3 4
 244.46 MPa

–3 kN.m

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-4
Shaft is supported by smooth journal bearings at A and B. Due to
transmission of power to and from the shaft, the belts on the
pulleys are subjected to the tensions shown. Determine the
smallest diameter of the shaft using the maximum-shear-stress
theory, with allow = 50 MPa.

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-4

Support reactions are calculated and shown

on the free-body diagram of the shaft.

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE 11.6 (SOLN)
z x

y y

Bending-moment diagrams for Mx and Mz are shown above.

MA1 = 0 MA2 = 0
MC2 = (150)(0.250) = 37.5 N.m
MC1 = (475)(0.250) = 118.75 N.m
MB2 = (150)(0.50) = 75 N.m
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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE 11.6 (SOLN)
Torque diagram is also shown.

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE 11.6 (SOLN)
By inspection, critical pts for bending moment occur either at C or B. Also,
just to the right of C and at B the torsional moment is 7.5 N·m.
Moment at B is
M B  75 N  m

At C, resultant moment is

MC  118.75 N  m 2  37.5 N  m 2  124.5 N  m

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
EXAMPLE 11.6 (SOLN)
Since the design is based on the maximum-shear-stress theory, Eqn
11-2 applies.
The radical √(M2 + T2) will be the largest at section just to the right of C.
We have
13
 2 2
c  
2
M  T 
  allow 
13
 2 2 
  124.5 N  m   7.5 N  m  
2

  50 10 6
N/m 2

c  0.0117 m

Thus the smallest allowable diameter is d  20.0117 m  23.3 m

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-8
Determine the length of the length
of the center portion of the bar so
that the maximum bending stress
at section A, B, and C is the same.
The bar has a thickness of 10 mm.

W Reaction forces:

Since the total weight is located

in the middle of beam, the support
reaction has the same value;
W/2 = 175L W/2 = 175L
W/2 = (350L)/2 = 175L
Free-body diagram

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-8

Stress concentration factor:

r 8 w 60
  0.2   1.5
h 40 h 40

Referring to the graph:

K = 1.45

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-8
Free-body diagram for analyzing the bending moment at A, B, and C:

W W/2
VA VC
MA MC

W/2 = 175L W/2 =W/2

175L= 175L W/2 = 175L
Reaction forces:
Bending moment at section A: Bending moment at section C:

MA = (175L)(0.3) = 52.5 L MC = (175L)(0.3+L/2) – (175L)(L/4)

= 52.5 L + 43.75 L2

Bending moment at section B: MB = MA = 52.5 L (symmetry)

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 TUTORIAL-3 : BENDING
PROBLEM-8

Maximum bending stress

at sections A, B, and C

M Ac
At either section A or B:  max ) A  K
I
(52.5 L)(0.02)
 (1.45) 1 3
 28,546,875 L
12 (0.01)(0.0 4)
At section C:
MC c
 max )C 
I
(52.5 L  43.75 L2 )(0.03)
 1 3
 8,750,000 L  7,291,666.67 L2

12 (0.01)(0.0 6)

Solving max)A = max)C will yield : L = 2.715 m

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