Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
| It can be defined as a respiratory disease of pigs
caused by type A influenza viruses that causes
regular outbreaks in pigs
| ©
| !
"
|
# $
%
"&'(
| )
*
| Ê%
REmImTANCE PATTERN
%
%
-
. //[C u
0[c -0
RPHL
|
10
2/0
|
| Core - Y
| megmented Ȃ pieces
| Ê
"
3'
4
5
/
'2'/
| Ê
%
| Neuraminidase Peplomers Ȃ
|
&©(
&)(
| NEURAINIDAmE
{
| Ê
related to them
|
| 4
ANTIENIC mHIFT
|
|
|
not accounted by mutations)
| major epidemics and pandemics
| genetic reassortment &
(
ne novel strain for hich
human beings do not have no immunity.
| Ê
:©2)2©2)/
©-)2©-)/©
©2)2
ñ©ñ
ñ
ñ
| '
/007*©2)2
| *uadruple reassortment
| -0,
)
2;+
ë
| <
)
&-uu
(
mñ
|
&©2)2(
exico during the spring of 00
march3)
27,1
| .
6
&©2)2(
/007
* *
*
| '"
=
%= $<)
>
|
rapidly progressive pneumonia
*
'
%
: {:///00,
&
Y
( 4
:2,,7//
%
&'(:2/07u0
© ñ ñ
©
ñ
| ©2)2
locally
intense in parts of India and Ne Zealand
©ññ
| u+
'
| )
$
ñmmm
|
pigs to
people
people to pigs.
| ©
close proximity to infected
pigs
pig barns
"
Human-to-human
Ê
*
coughing or sneezing
| %
| ë
&
@2,0A<(
mñ
m
| 4
chronic pulmonary
&
%!4(
cardiac &
(metabolic disorders &
(
renal
hepatic
neurological conditions &
(
| immunosuppression,
©
|
years
| Pregnant omen
| 4
5 years and older
mUmPECTED CAmE
&B
-1[C) with onset
|
;
&©2)2
(
|
;
&©2)2
(
|
PRBABLE CAmE
|
©2©-
YÊ*4%Y
|
&<(
| YÊ4%Y
|
| <
*
&©2)2(
| mymptoms and signs suggesting oxygen
impairment or cardiopulmonary insufficiency:
| *
&
(
|
#
| ©
"
"
| mymptoms and signs suggesting CNm
complications:
|
& (
|
| ë
laboratory
testing or clinical signs &
-(
| =
'
| Y
&Y(
| C 4
|
PUNJAB & CHANDIARH
| 4
{
'ë
Y
*2/%
*2,002/
4
:02;/*/;u,021/;+,+,+/;u;+1+
<":02;/*/;uuu02/;u+0;1
mm
| nasopharyngeal s ab
| nasal aspirate
| combined nasopharyngeal s ab ith
oropharyngeal s ab.
| nasal s ab
| oropharyngeal s ab
| Intubated patients - an endotracheal aspirate .
Bronchoalveolar lavage BAL) and sputum
specimens also acceptable
m
| moon after symptoms begin
| Before administration of antiviral medications
| Even if symptoms began more than one eek ago
| ultiple specimens on multiple days can be
collected
| m abs ith a synthetic tip eg, polyester or
Dacron) and an aluminium or plastic shaft
preferred
| m abs ith cotton tips and ooden shafts not
recommended.
| m abs made of calcium alginate not acceptable.
| Collection vial for s ab should contain 3 to 3 ml of
viral transport media.
£ mññm
m
m
| %
9
| )7+
|
"
|
9
| ©
| =
&
(9
| Intensive Care Unit & Laboratory personnel :
)7+Y
| ortuary:
Ê
m
m
| Insert a dry s ab into the nostril and take it back
to the nasopharynx
| Leave in place for a fe seconds
| mlo ly remove it hile slightly rotating it
| Ne s ab for other nostril
Nasal m ab
Collected from the anterior turbinate
| -
;
m
| Patientǯs mouth should be ide open
| Touch the s ab at the back of the throat near the
tonsils
|
& (
|
| *
|
| 4&+00 9(
|
&+00
2000 9(
|
&/09(
| &+09(
|
&209(
|
|
*ë
| ©
| ë
m
| Pre-printed barcode labels to be used
| n the specimen container
| n the field data collection form
| n the log book
m m
| ithin 4 hours Ȃ store at 4° C before and after
transport
| Beyond 4 hours- -70 ° C
| Do not store in standard freezer- keep on ice or in
refrigerator
| All specimens should be
transported after packaging
using the H triple
packaging system.
| hile transportation cold
chain should be maintained.
m
3) Primary receptacle: a labelled primary atertight,
leak-proof receptacle containing the specimen.
|
| ©
Y$%
|
| '
$
% :
|
|
| )
|
|
2
/
| 2+Du+
|
| %
6
ñ
| can distinguish bet een influenza A and B
viruses.
| Can detect the HmI Influenza A H3N3) virus
| not possible to differentiate from seasonal
influenza A viruses.
| suboptimal sensitivity to detect seasonal
influenza viruses
| negative rapid test could be a false negative
| should not be assumed a final diagnostic test for
novel influenza A H3N3) virus infection.
| There are several possibilities hen a patient tests
positive for influenza A by rapid antigen test:
| The patient might have novel H3N3 virus infection
| The patient might have seasonal influenza A virus
infection or
| The patient might have a false positive test result
|
©2)2
©2)2
*
| ©
|
E
u© E<
Y$%
| ©
©
* ©
| *
| Paired mample for merology mtudy at an interval of
34 days
| To demonstrate a four-fold or more rise in HmI
influenza A H3N3) virus specific antibodies
| %
<"
Ê
| .
Y)4
| =
| ë)
| Y
Y)4
TREATENT
AND
PRPHLAXIm
| salicylateaspirin is strictly ci due to its potential
to cause reye s syndrome.
| seltamivir brand name Tamiflu ®)- to both treat
and prevent influenza A and B virus infection in
people one year of age and older.
| Zanamivir brand name Relenza ®)- to treat
influenza A and B virus infection in people 5 years
and older and to prevent influenza A and B virus
infection in people 5 years and older.
| <
&2-
2;
(
;+
+
|
,
2/
-
+
| ü-
2/
* -9
| ü2
-
* /+9
| 0
2
* /9
| 2+
* -0
+
| 2+*/-* u+
+
| /u*u0* ,0
+
| üu0* ;+
+
| Zanamivir
|
+&
&/"+(
+
| =44!YÊëÊ©ëY4F)%=ë*
| <
| 4
| !"
9
|
|
| 4
|
;
| %
2u
| Ê
| %
ñ
ñ©
©ñm
| given to
|
|
| !
| 4
"
20
"
&"
,(
|
2+ * -0!
| 2+*/- u+!
| /u*
u0*,0!
| '
u0*;+!
| DmE FR INFANTm-
|
-
*
6
| - +
* /0!
| , 22
*/+!
| %
;
| '
;
| 4
ñm
| ë
|
|
| Y
|
| 2+
|
6
multidose vial 30
doses of 0.5ml) - Pack of 30 vialsÊ
| !
&0+(
| "< *
| > %
| %
{
&%{(
> %
©2)2&
(
| Ê
*
5
Ê
%
&Ê%(
| Y-+0
|
{
)
|
21*,0
5
|
|
Ê
G