ORGANIC FARMING

Professor In-Charge: Dr. D. R. Peshwe

 According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, 2016
Organic agriculture is a system of farm design
and management to create an ecosystem, which
can achieve sustainable productivity without
the use of synthetic external inputs such as
chemical fertilizers, pesticides and synthetic
hormones
 CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC
Use of pesticides is high Fewer pesticides used
Increases soil erosion Reduces soil erosion
Increases nitrate leaching Decreases nitrate leaching
High usage of chemicals Recycles animal wastes back
into the farm
Lower food costs Higher food costs
Higher yields Lower yields
• To maintain environmental benefits
• To increase yields
• To reduce prices
• To meet challenges of climatic change and
increasing world
population
Source: Survey by ICAR-NBSS&LUP, TOI – Nov 21, 2017
• India is home to 30% of total organic
producers in the world, but accounts for just
2.59% (1.5 million hectares) of total organic
cultivation area of 57.8 million hectares,
according to World of Organic Agriculture
2018 report.

INDIA HAS THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF

ORGANIC FARMERS
BUT MOST OF THEM ARE STRUGGLING

• Even though Sikkim was declared as India’s

first fully organic state, a survey conducted by
Delhi-based Centre for Science and
Environment shows that phasing out of
chemicals in Sikkim was not complemented
Research carried out by the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) in 2012 has
demonstrated that urban populations are being exposed to organophosphate
(OP) pesticides through the vegetables that they consume. In vegetables, along
with fruits and juices, it is reported that pesticide residues remain in
particularly high levels.

HEALTH EFFECTS
- Leukemia
- Cancer
- Infertility
- Alzheimer’s Disease
- Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Also, soil degradation due to chemical usage harms the farmer financially, as
the soil’s ability to fix nitrogen and microbe levels decrease, which may lead to
the crop yields becoming smaller, or even fail. Hence, to achieve the same
yields, the farmers are forced to buy more fertilizers to replenish the soil, thus
decreasing their net profits on a yearly basis.
 Types of Manure
• Farmyard Manure
• Green Manures
• Crop Residues
• Compost and Home Compost
• Concentrated Organic Manure
1. Mulugu, part of the Medak District in
Telengana - The main vegetable producing
districts in the state, and in those districts
within close proximity to Hyderabad, it was
the largest producer of tomatoes, potatoes,
cucumber and onions.
2. The villages surrounding Kurnool in Andhra
Pradesh, where a wide variety of crops such
as paddy, bengalgram, groundnut,
sunflower and rice are grown.
3. The farming community surrounding Kadiri
in Andhra Pradesh - crops grown
predominantly are groundnut and
bengalgram due to the low rainfall in this
region, although some irrigated paddy can
also be seen.
The case study aims to discover the farmers’
concerns, their feelings towards the success of
their endeavours in terms of productivity,
financial reward and health, as well as their
experiences of being involved with the CSA,
cooperatives, and governmental agencies.
CONCLUSIONS DRAWN
- Firstly, all farmers said that since they began farming organic
the quality of life for them and their family improved. This was
generally said to be due to the improved nutrition and
general wellbeing, as much as any financial improvements.
- Farmers in all regions agreed that there was a serious need for
better marketing of their organic produce. The frameworks to
assist organic farmers varied spatially, with disparities in
accessibility of marketing facilities, cooperatives and services.
Having said this, all farmers reported savings in terms of how
much they were spending on inputs.
- Costly chemical inputs can be seen as one of the many
reasons why so many conventional farmers are becoming
indebted. Organic farmers protect themselves from this by
producing their own inputs from organic matter. A variety of
different methods can be used such as cow urine mixed with
neem leaves. The bio pesticides had been effective pest
controls, while not damaging their soil.
- Since organic farming is a slow process, the farmers aren’t
willing to spend so much time. If the government provides
input subsidies as well as knowledge provision, farmers can be
CENTRE OF SCIENCE FOR VILLAGES has developed and
transferred number of methods of organic farming and
it includes following technologies:
- Different Methods of Manure Making NADEP;
VermiCompost; Biodynamic Preparations; Bio
Fertilizers; Liquid organic manure etc.
- Production of Crop using Manure
- Bio-diversified Cropping Pattern
- Use of Herbal Pest repellents
- Use of Secondary Metabolite Rich Plants as Insect
Repellant, Anti Feedent, Oviposition Deterrent
- Use of Biological Agents
- Emitter Irrigation

CSV has a group of 1,500 farmers doing organic

farming in their farms. Under "PGS India", CSV is
recognised as certifying agency in organic farming.
A PRESENTATION BY
Anasua Kundu – BT15EEE014
Delicia Vas – BT15ECE022
Akhila Reddy – BT15ECE080
Shreya Pramod – BT15ECE084