Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
任课教师:
李伟东,liweidong@dlut.edu.cn
Cell:15542532298
Homework
Homework will be assigned after lectures
Homework will be due on the designated date (No late homework
will be accepted).
A group course project will be assigned
Tests
One final exam (take-home style).
Grades
Your final grades will be based on a numerical average calculated
with the following formula: 30%(1 group project) + 30%(final take-
home test) + 30%(homework) + 10%(attendance, in class
participation, etc.)
Academic “Integrity”
Integrity is regarded as the honesty and truthfulness or
accuracy of one's actions.
Independent work is expected.
No copying – Piracy.
However, discussions are encouraged.
Computer Code
Using MATLAB to solve Homework Problems is highly
encouraged.
Prerequisites
The material in this course draws heavily from
differential equations, dynamics and system dynamics.
You need to have knowledge on engineering
mathematics (Calculus & Matrix theory), and vibration
concepts (single-degree- and 2-degree-of freedom
system). Texts from these courses and the other
references listed in the previous slide are good places to
go for help.
• Typical NVH inputs: Road & tire; Engine & Transmission; Aerodynamically
induced noise and vibration
• General NVH outputs: Noise and vibration levels perceived by the driver
and passengers
Control
theory/控制
技术 Signal
processing/
信号处理
Vibration Acoustic
fundamentals fundamentals
/振动理论 /噪声理论
Definition of Vibration
Vibration refers to the repetitive motion
of objects relative to a stationary frame
of reference or nominal position
(usually equilibrium)
A subdiscipline of dynamics that
studies repetitive of motion (as a
function of time)
Why Study Vibration
Understand it
Use it towards our benefits
Avoid it if it is against our benefits
Category of Vibration
Based on Degree-of-Freedom
• Single DoF system
• Multiple DoF system
• Continuous system
P
A A
ωnt
O n t
2
T
n
A A
ωnt
O t
x
A
z A(cos nt j sin nt ) Ae jnt
jx(t ) jAsin nt Im( z )
x(t ) A cos nt Re( z )
def def
x(t ) A sin nt Im( z ) Ae jnt
t
fk
0 xl x
fk
Stiffness k Unit: N/m
x
fk k1 k2 fk k1 k 2
k
k1 k 2
fk k
l E, A
fk fk EA
k
x f k l EA l
Fundamentals of NVH Analysis, Course Syllabus and Introduction -22-
Damping
All real systems dissipate energy when they vibrate. To account for this
we must consider damping. The most simple form of damping (from a
mathematical point of view) is called viscous damping. A viscous damper
(or dashpot) produces a force that is proportional to velocity.
fc
Other common types of damping in vibration problems
aerodynamic damping – damping force is proportional to the
velocity square
structural damping – damping force is proportional to the material
strain
Fundamentals of NVH Analysis, Course Syllabus and Introduction -23-
Modeling – Classical Approach
1 2 1 2
Ttrans mx , Trot J
2 2
Fundamentals of NVH Analysis, Course Syllabus and Introduction -25-
Modeling – Energy Method
Conservation of Energy
For a simple, conservative (i.e. no damper), mass spring
system the energy must be conserved:
T U constant
d
or (T U) 0 Eq. (1.2)
dt
At two different times t1 and t2 the increase in potential energy
must be equal to a decrease in kinetic energy (or visa-versa).
U1 U 2 T2 T1
and
U max Tmax
Fundamentals of NVH Analysis, Course Syllabus and Introduction -26-
Modeling – Energy Method
Deriving the EOM with the Energy Method
x=0 x
k
M
Spring
Mass
d d 1 2 1 2
(T U ) ( mx kx ) 0 x (mx kx) 0
dt dt 2 2
Since ẋ cannot be zero all the time, then it must be true that:
mx kx 0
Fundamentals of NVH Analysis, Course Syllabus and Introduction -27-
Modeling – Energy Method
Propagation
Sources Recipients
paths
Pe
Lp ( SPL) 20 log , where Pref 20 106 Pa
Pref
• Sound Intensity Level (SIL)
I
LI ( SIL) 10 log , where I ref 11012 W/m 2
I ref
W
LW ( PWL) 10 log , where Wref 11012 W
Wref
Lp 10 log 10 L p1 / 10
10
L p 2 / 10
10
L pn / 10
Example Assume that three incoherent sounds with SPL’s of 90 dB, 88 dB,
and 85 dB radiate into the same volume. Calculates the combined total SPL.
Solution: 2
For source 1: Pe1 Pe1
L p1 20 log 10 log Pe21 Pref2 1090 /10
Pref P
Similarly: ref
Pe22 Pref2 1088/10 , Pe23 Pref2 1085/10