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ENGINEERING
MS324 AQUACULTURE IN PACIFIC ISLAND
COUNTRIES
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Students will be able to describe, and demonstrate
understanding of:
Aquaculture systems –longlines, rafts, cages, ponds, tanks,
raceways
Seawater systems - open systems, and closed systems
Site selection – importance of a good site, site selection
criteria
Seawater intakes - importance of a good intake, requirements
Water filtration - types of particles, types of filters
Water reconditioning - bio-filters
Water disinfection – reducing bacteria, fungi, viruses with UV-
light or chemicals
Temperature control – heaters, chillers
Aeration
Carrying capacity of an aquaculture system
Electrical safety
What do fish need?
GOOD FOOD
and
CLEAN WATER!
ENGINEERING ISSUES
Investment?
Operating costs?
Pathological risk?
Cages
Open-water structures – contains motile
organism (usually fish) and stops them escaping
Fish will need supplementary feeding
Cages require sheltered-water location and
strong moorings, so they are not uprooted by
rough weather.
But still need sufficient water movement to bring
clean water, and flush fish wastes away.
If cages are placed in bays with insufficient
water exchange, then water quality deteriorates.
This is harmful to the farmed fish, and to natural
biota in the area.
Grouper seacages
Site selection for cages is important
Cages
Degree of control?
Investment?
Operating costs?
Pathological risk?
Ponds
are closed systems which serve the purpose
of:
preventing animals from escaping
enable some control of the animals’
environment
help protect them from predation or other
hazards.
Investment?
Operating costs?
Pathological risk?
Tanks and raceways
are built on land (often indoors)
provide very good control of water quality for optimal
environmental conditions
Investment?
Operating costs?
Pathological risk?
Site selection
When choosing a site for aquaculture, three
things are very important:
1. LOCATION
2. LOCATION
3. LOCATION
Decide
which intake will give best
seawater with least problems.
And if that water is no good, then
we have to do this …
Water filtration
Even good seawater sources usually
require some sort of water treatment
before it can be added to the fish tanks.
Filtration
is the term for straining particles
out of water.
There are usually three things that need to
be filtered:
Sterilization
is the complete elimination of
such organisms, however this is usually
not needed, or is not possible, or is not
even desirable if bio-filtration is being used
in the system.
Disinfection is needed for two situations: