AGR 401 Organic Farming(1+1)

ITK IN WEED MANAGEMENT

 Weeds
• Weeds are the plants, which grow where they
are not wanted (Jethro Tull, 1731).
• Weeds can also be referred
to as plants out of place.
• Weeds compete with crops
for water, soil nutrients, light
and space and thus reduce
crop yields.
Importance of WEED MANAGEMENT
• If weeding is not done, it will reduce three
fourths of crop yield.
 Mulching
• Mulching or covering the soil surface can
prevent weed seed germination by blocking
light transmission preventing seed
germination.
• Such materials as straw, bark, and composted
material can provide effective weed control
Mulching
 MULCHING WITH WASTE COTTON
• Application of waste cotton from ginning
factory as a Mulch in banana field reduce the
weed growth.
 BY SUBMERGENCE
• Continuous submergence of field for some
time controls the weeds.
 USING OIL CAKES
• Frequently ploughing the fields by wooden
plough made up of neem trees and frequent
application of neem cake in the soil to control
nut grass.
• To control nut grass in the field 50kg of neem
cake is applied both at the time of ploughing
and sowing.
NEEM CAKES
 USING SOAP SOLUTIONS
• Dissolving 1 kg of salt and 100g of sarvodaya
soap in 10 lit of water and spraying this
solution to control all the weeds except nut
grass.
 SPRAYING SALT SOLUTIONS
• Dissolving 200 g of salt in 1 lit of water and
spraying to eradicate congress weed
(Parthenium hysterophorus).
 CROP ROTATION PRACTICES
• Growing horse gram to control nut
grass (Cyperus rotundus).
• Cultivating rice once in three years in garden
lands to control Cyanodon dactylon.
 BY USING GREEN MANURES
• Raising and ploughing the green manure crops
tike daincha, (Sesbania sp.), kolingi(Tephrosia
purpurea) in the field before their flowering to
reduce weed population.
• Raising Calotropis gigantea as a green manure
to check the growth of Aarai (Mars/
teaquadrifolia) weed.
• Growing cowpea as a green manure to control
nut grass.
Calotropis gigantea
DAINCHA
KOLINJI
 FALLOWING
• To control Cyanodon dactylon grass in black
soils , the field is kept fallow for 3 years.
 USING TAMARIND
• Application of tamarind seed @ 100kg / ac at
last ploughing is to prevent the Cyperus
rotandus infestation.
 SIEVING
• Before sowing, farmers sieve rice seeds in order to
separate the seed of weeds.
• Since most of the
weed seeds are
smaller than rice seeds, they are filtered
out in sieves.
 DEEP SUMMER PLOUGHING
• Deep summer ploughing also known as
Khurra-Bakhroni (ploughing) in summer or
after rabi also exposes the weed seeds to sun
and destroy them.
 USING KHURPI
• Nirai or godai method is used by the tribal
farmers. In this method, they use Khurpi for
removal of weeds from field.
 Manual seperation
• Farmers of the some areas manually separate
the weed seeds from the crop seeds/grains.
 Hand weeding
In some crops especially in kharif season,
farmers use hand weeding as a method by
uprooting the seeds from soil.
 BY SWINE
• Allowing swine in the fields to uproot the
weed plants (Nut grass).
Thank you