Prepared By:

Disaster Risk and Reduction Group

Map of Cagayan
 Hazard
A dangerous phenomenon,
substance, human activity or
condition that may cause loss of
life, injury or other health
impacts, property damage, loss
of livelihoods and services, social
and economic disruption, or
environmental damage.
 Types of HAZARDS
 Geologic Hazards  Atmospheric Hazards  Hydrologic Hazards

 Biologic Hazards  Man- Made Hazards

V
 Geologic Hazard
 is an extreme natural event in the
crust of the earth that pose a threat
to life and property.
TYPES
1. EARTHQUAKE is a violent shaking of the
ground. Sometimes it is so strong that the ground
splits apart. When parts of the earth, called plates,
move against each other giant shock waves move
upwards towards the surface causing the
earthquake.
 Earthquakes

• Soil Rupture- occurs when movement on a fault

breaks through to the surface.
Rupture may occur suddenly during an
earthquake or slowly in the form of of fault creep.
Fault rupture almost always follows pre-existing
faults, which are zones of weakness.
• Soil liquefaction- a phenomenon whereby a
saturated or partially saturated soil substantially
loses strength and stiffness in response to an
applied stress, usually earth shaking causing it to
behave like a liquid.
 Earthquakes

• Landslide- a large mass of rocks and

earth that suddenly and quickly moves
down the side of a mountain or hill.

• Tsunami- a very high, large wave

in the ocean that is usually caused by
an earthquake under the sea and
that can cause great destruction
when it reaches land.
 2. Volcanic Eruption

• Lava Flows- are streams of molten rock that

pour or ooze from an erupting vent.
• Volcanic gases- includes water vapour,
carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen
sulphide, carbon monoxide.
• Tephra fall- is a fragmental material
produced by a volcanic eruption .
 Volcanic Eruption

Lahar- is a type of mudflow or debris flow

composed of slurry of pyroclastic material,
rocky debris, and water. The material flows
down from a volcano, typically along a river
valley.
Avalanche- a mass of snow, ice and
rocls falling rapidly down a mountainside.
Subsidence- motion of a surface as
it shift downward relative to a datum
such as sea level. The opposite of
subsidence is uplift which results in an
increase in elevation.
 Hydrologic Hazards is defined as
extreme events associated with water
occurrence, movement and distributions.
1. Floods- a large amount of water
covering an area of land that is usually
dry.
 Result from heavy rains
 May involve rivers overflowing,
storm surge/ocean waves, &
dams or levees breaking
 Most common natural hazard
Flashfloods = floods that happen very
fast
 Hydrologic Hazards

2. Drought- is the lack of rain for a long

time.

3. Rapid Glacier Advance- glacier

grows too fast extending down the valley
than it did previously. When glaciers melt
faster than they are replenished by
precipitation, total volume decreases.
 Atmospheric Hazard – include things
such as oxygen deficiencies, dust, chemical
vapors, welding fumes, fogs, and mists that
can interfere with the bodies ability to
transform and utilize oxygen, or that have
negative toxicological effects on the human
body.
HURRICANE
• Massive severe storms occurring in the tropics
• Winds greater than 75 MPH
• Clouds & winds spin around the eye
• Produce heavy rains, high winds, large waves, and spin-
off tornadoes
 Atmospheric Hazard

Thunderstorms – also known as

electrical storm characterized by the
presence of lightning and its acoustic
effect on the Earth’s atmosphere, known
as thunder.
Heavy rainfall- a rainfall greater
than 100 mm in 24 hours.
 Atmospheric Hazard
TORNADOES HEAVY SNOW FALLS- a
Rotating, funnel- warning issued for snowfall
shaped clouds from rates of 4 inches or more in
powerful thunderstorms 12 hours , or 6 or more in 24
Winds up to 300 MPH hours.
capable of producing
major damage
 Biologic Hazard – is also known
as bio – hazard, refer to biological
substances that post a threat to the health
of living organisms, primarily that of humans.
This can include medical ways or sample
omf micro organisms, virus or toxin that can
affect human health.
EPIDEMIC- a widespread occurrence of an
infectious diseases in a community at a
particular time.
 also known as anthropogenic
hazard, that caused directly or
indirectly by human actions or
inactions. They can be contrasted
with natural hazards.
 Collapsing of
Building

TOXIN CHEMICAL Man- made Hazard Nuclear Explosions

Transport
Accidents
Identify the type of hazard shown in the picture.
 Situation:
Determine every possible
geologic, hydrologic,
atmospheric, biologic, and man-
made hazard which may affect
your school. Explain the inclusion
of each.