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CoreScan
Hyperspectral Analysis
The Near Infrared (NIR) and Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) spectrums are ranges of colours that are invisible Clay Minerals:
to the human eye, covering wavelengths between 750-1400nm (NIR) and 1400-3000nm (SWIR). Illite/Ammonium-Illite, Alunite, Kaolinite,
Smectite, Dickite, Pyrophyllite, Halloysite,
Many minerals (or compositions of minerals) that can be difficult to determine visually are easily Buddingtonite, Montmorilinite
identified by their response within the NIR and SWIR spectrums.
Sericite/White-Mica: Paragonite-
Muscovite-Phengite (Cr-Fuchsite)
Carbonates:
Calcite, Dolomite, Ankerite, Siderite
Sulphates:
Gypsum, Anhydrite
Amphibole:
Hornblende, Actinolite, Tremolite
Epidote-Clinozoisite
Phyllosilcates:
Biotite, Phlogopite, Vermiculite
Fe-Oxides:
Visible Range False Colour Ultraviolet False Colour Infrared Hematite, Jarosite, Goethite
(400-750nm) (100-400nm) (700-2500nm)
Hyperspectral Analysis
Sericite Chlorite
Wavelength
Caused by chemical variation within a mineral, can reflect changes in hydrothermal fluid or distinguish between metamorphic or alteration minerals.
Crystallinity
Poorly ordered crystal structure represents diagenetic or lower temperature (surface) mineralisation compared to igneous or re-mobilzed minerals
Slope
Can change due to Fe content. Used to differentiate between Calcite, Ankerite and Siderite.
Depth
Reflects the ‘purity’ of a mineral. Inclusions, water or inter-grown minerals result in more shallow absorption features.
CoreScan Spectral Analysis
CoreScan:
CoreScan simultaneously scans the core with
three different cameras:
10mm
0.5mm
0.25mm2 78.5mm2
CoreScan Spectral Products
Carbonate Wavelength
Non-Spectral Products
Rock Quality:
3D laser profiler generates
automatic RQD and fracture
frequency data.
www.coreshed.com
Core Scanning: The Past Two Years
Core trays were run through the three principle SWIR core scanning systems to compare output, capabilities, quality
and costing.
Scanning outputs were validated against whole rock geochemistry & mineralogical determinations by XRD
Data also collected to make comparisons to the outputs vs. cheaper handheld technology (Halo or TerraSPEC3)
HyLogger
Core Scanning: The Past Two Years
HyLogger
HyLogger: “Dominate Mineral Assemblage” CoreScan: “Mineral Class Map”
HyLogger: White Mica (Sericite) Wavelength CoreScan: White Mica (Sericite) Map
10cm
Chlorite Wavelength
4
Gold Assay (g/t Au)
0
Core Scanning: The Past Three Years
Long Canyon
Twin Creeks
Carlin Phoenix
Ghana:
Akyem
Ahafo/Subika
Ahafo/Subika
Akyem
Australia:
Boddington
Oberon
Tanami: Callie-Auron
Tanami: Oberon
Tanami DBS
Pilbara: Beaton’s Creek
Pilbara JV
Nevada:
Gold Quarry Boddington
Leeville (Fence)
Long Canyon
Phoenix
Twin Creeks
Ghana: Subika
Close-up of SKP069 ~270m (0.006g/t Au & 0.17% S) High Resolution Mineral Class
Amphibole Map Chlorite Map Calcite+Sericite
Digital Photo Map*
Map
Ghana: Subika CoreScan
0 g/t Au 0 g/t Au
SUP272 ~350m
0.665 g/t Au
0.04% S
SUP272 ~380m
0.010 g/t Au
0.04% S
SUP272 ~413m
62.0 g/t Au
2.24% S
High Resolution Mineral Class Amphibole Map Chlorite Map Siderite Map Siderite+Sericite Calcite Map Calcite+Sericite Sericite Wavelength
Digital Photo Map* Map Map Map
Ghana
TWD124 ~182m
0.027 g/t Au
TWD124 ~211m
0.127 g/t Au
TWD124 ~241m
5.22 g/t Au
TWD124 ~248m
Sample should
have high Au??) 0.056 g/t Au
High Resolution Mineral Class Amphibole Map Chlorite Map Siderite Map Siderite+Sericite Calcite Map Calcite+Sericite Sericite Wavelength
Digital Photo Map* Map Map Map
Boddington – 3,000m
Boddington – 3,000m
Gold mineralisation associated with chlorite. High grade Au is associated with longer wavelength Fe-Chlorite
Boddington CoreScan Phlogopite abundance data Background ‘Primary’ amphibole is longer wavelength (hornblende) while secondary amphibole associated
compared to gold assays. with hydrothermal alteration is shorter wavelength (actinolite).
Boddington CoreScan: Phlogopite
Depth (m)
Digital Mineral Quartz Chlorite
Photo Class Map (Aspectral) Wavelength
Factor 2
5 Chlorite 0.87
Chlorite (mix 2250D) 0.82
4 Chlorite (pure 2250D) 0.74
Carbonate Slope 0.66
Gold Assay (g/t Au)
2067
1990
1993
1996
2002
2005
2013
2016
2019
2022
2025
2028
2031
2034
2040
2043
2046
2049
2052
2055
2058
2061
2064
2070
2073
2076
2079
2082
2088
1998.7
2007.7
2010.2
2085.4
Chlorite (mix 2300L) -0.08
Chlorite (mix 2250L) -0.14
Chlorite+Clay -0.36
Depth (m)
Aspectral -0.85
Auron “Blind” CoreScan Test
Stope Design
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.0
1 1 1
29 29 29
57 57 57
85 85 85
113 113 113
141 141 141
169 169 169
197 197 197
225 225 225
253 253 253
281 281 281
309 309 309
337 337 337
365 365 365
393 393 393
421 421 421
449 449 449
477 477 477
505 505 505
Tanami Discriminant Analysis
Depth
729 729 729
757 757 757
785 785 785
813 813 813
841 841 841
869 869 869
897 897 897
925 925 925
953 953 953
981 981 981
1009 1009 1009
1037 1037 1037
1065 1065 1065
1093 1093 1093
1121 1121 1121
1149 1149 1149
1177 1177 1177
1205 1205 1205
1233 1233 1233
1261 1261 1261
1289 1289 1289
1317 1317 1317
1345 1345 1345
1373 1373 1373
Pilbara
Pilbara
LC4
LC4
LC4
LC5
LC5
LC5
LC6 LC7
LC6
LC6 LC7
LC7
KI
KI KI
Carbonate Wavelength
Long Canyon: Carbonate
LC3
LC3
LC3
LC3
LC4
LC4
LC4
LC4
LC5
LC5
LC5
LC5
LC6 LC7
LC6
LC6 LC7
LC7
LC6 LC7
KI
KI
KI KI
Carbonate Crystallinity
Long Canyon: Carbonate
LC2
LC4
LC5
LC7
Long Canyon: Dickite
-- 0.002 -- -- -- 0.185 --
LC5
-- -- -- -- --
LC6 -- 0.107 -- LC7
--
KI
-- -- -- ? ?
? 0.104 -- 0.104
LC0 LC1 LC2 Oz/t Au
LC3
LC3 LC3
LC4
LC4 LC4
LC5
LC5 LC5
LC6 LC7
KI KI
Kaolinite Dickite
Carlin
Carbonate
Lithology Controls: QCR-2962
True Colour Dickite Kaolinite Carbonate Crystallinity Carbonate Wavelength Gold Assay 0.1oz/t
Rodeo Creek
Popovich
Spectral character of the Rodeo Creek and Popovich formations are very different. Dickite and Kaolinite co-exist in
Rc but are absent in Dp.
Best grades in Popovich are associated with carbonate (long wavelength calcite).
1.00
0.80
Correlation Coef. with Au
0.52 0.56
0.60
0.37
0.40
0.20 0.08 0.11
0.00
-0.20 -0.03 -0.05
-0.18 -0.13
-0.40 -0.30
-0.38 -0.41 -0.34
-0.60 -0.48 -0.44
-0.54 -0.53
-0.80 -0.62 -0.68
-1.00
Dickite
Feox
Carbonate
Illite-NH4
Montmorillonite
Aspectral
Sericite
Chlorite_1
Kaolinite
DP Factor 4
Carbonate Crystallinity
Gypsum
Carbonaceous
DP Factor 1
DP Factor 2
DP Factor 3
DP Factor 5
Carbonate Fe-Slope
Carbonate Wevelength
Gold Quarry Factor Analysis Vectors (Popovich)
0.5
0.4
Au Grade (oz/t)
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0025
Carbonate Crystallinity
0.002
0.0015
0.001
0.0005
0
5
4
(Factor 1 + Factor 2) *-1
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
Leeville (Fence)
Fence Spectral Products & Au
• Commercially Specifications:
• panchromatic imagery of 0.31 m resolution,
• 8 Band multispectral imagery with 1.24 m resolution,
• 8 Band shortwave infrared imagery at 7.4m (raw 3.7 m) resolution
• CAVIS (Clouds, Aerosols, Vapors, Ice, and Snow) data at 30 m (98 ft) resolution.
• Newmont Test
• Established Site Calibration – Battle Mountain (Kalgoorlie)
• Greenfields Tests – Peru / Ethiopia
• Stretch Test – Long Canyon
Battle Mountain – WorldView - 3
1km
Longs Peak
Contention Pit
ASTER – 30m SWIR – Muscovite Index Wv3 – 7.5m SWIR – Muscovite Index Wv3 – 3.75m SWIR – Muscovite Index
Soares
Illari
1500m