Small Intestine

 or small bowel. It is a long tube between

the stomach and the large intestine.
 It absorbs about 90% of the nutrients from
the food we eat.
 It measures about 4 cm or 1.5 in. In
diameter.
Small
Intestine

 It has three
regions namely;
Duodenum,
Jejunum and
Ileum.
The Different Parts of The Small
Intestine
 Villi and Microvilli

 In the inner part of the small

intestine, there are fingerlike
structures, known as the
intestinal villi, that are located
in every gastic folds (rugae).
There are smaller villi socalled
microvilli.
 These provide a huge surface
area for the absorption of
nutrients inside the small
intestine.
 It is important for nutrient
asorption.
 Duodenum
 Also known as dodecadactylum.
 It measures about 25.4 cm or 10 in. in length.
 It curves around the pancreas, extending from
the pyloric sphincter to the jejenum.
 It precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the
shortest part of the small intestine, where most
further chemical digestion and absorption takes
place.
 It is the next destination of the chyme,
partially digested food, from the stomach.
 Jejunum
 It is about 2.5 meters in length.
 The chyme undergoes through the
segmentation process while it is on the
jejunum.
 It is where the absorption of the
nutrients, specially macronutrients, take
place.
 It is located inbetween duodenum and
ileum.
 Ileum
 The longest part of the small
intestine measuring 12 ft. Or 3.5
meters long.
 It is specifically responsible for the
absorption of vitamin B12 and the
reabsorption of conjugated bile salts.
 It is the final section of the small
intestine.
 Also responsible in absorption of
vitamins and other nutrients
 Hepatic Portal Vein

 The nerve that is responsible in

transporting different converted
enzymes or starch like glucose,
galactose, and fructose and the
amino acids, from the villi in the
small intestine to the liver which
is stored in the gallbladder.
 Some of
the
Diseases
of
the Small
Intestine
 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

 or spastic colon is a symptom-based diagnosis. It is

characterized by chronic abdominal pain, discomfort,
bloating, and alteration of bowel
habits. Diarrhea or constipation may predominate, or they
may alternate (classified as IBS-D, IBS-C, or IBS-A,
respectively).
 Symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome include: changes
in bowel movement patterns, bloating and excess gas, pain
in the lower belly, and mucus in stools.
The Intestinal IBS
 Chron’s Disease

 also known as Crohn syndrome and regional

enteritis, is a type of inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD) that may affect any part of the
gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. Signs and
symptoms often include abdominal pain, diarrhea
(which may be bloody if inflammation is severe),
fever, and weight loss
The Chron’s Disease
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
 also known as a peptic ulcer or
stomach ulcer, is a break in the lining
of the stomach, first part of the small
intestine, or occasionally the lower
esophagus. The most common
symptoms are waking at night with
upper abdominal pain that improves
with eating. The pain is often
described as a burning or dull ache.
Other symptoms include belching,
vomiting, weight loss, or poor appetite
The PUD
 Small Intestine Cancer
 also known as small bowel cancer and cancer of the small bowel, is a
cancer of the small intestine. It is relatively rare compared to other
gastrointestinal malignancies such as gastric cancer (stomach cancer) and
colorectal cancer. Small intestine cancer can be subdivided into duodenal
cancer (the first part of the small intestine) and cancer of the jejunum
and ileum (the later two parts of the small intestine)
 People with small bowel cancer may experience the following symptoms
or signs. Sometimes, people with small bowel cancer do not show any of
these symptoms. Or, these symptoms may be caused by a medical
condition that is not cancer. These includes blood in the stool (feces),
dark/black stools, diarrhea, a lump in the abdomen, pain or cramps in
the abdomen, unexplained weight loss, and episodes of abdominal pain
that may be accompanied by severe nausea or vomiting
The Small Intestine Cancer
 Gastrointestinal Bleeding

 Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a serious sign of

trouble within your digestive tract.
 Causes of Upper GI Bleeding : bacterial infection
known as H. pylori.
 Signs of Gastrointestinal Bleeding : Your stool might
become darker, like coal tar, if the bleeding is coming
from the stomach or upper GI tract. You may pass
blood from your rectum during bowel movements,
which could cause you to see some blood in your toilet
or on your toilet tissue. This blood is usually bright red
in color. Vomiting blood is another sign that there is
bleeding somewhere in your GI tract.
The GI Bleeding