Introduction To Philippines Literature

Introduction
toLiterature
withPhilippine
Literature
What is
Literature?
ignatius joseph n estroga

“Litteratura” – Latin word which
literally means “writing”
and
“Litteratus” meaning “learning”

What is Literature?

It is a body of work, either
written, oral, or visual, containing
imaginative language that
realistically portrays
thought, emotions, and
experiences of the human
condition.
What is Literature? ignatius joseph n estroga

What is Literature?
is a product of particular culture that

concretizes man’s array of
values, emotions, actions and
ideas. It is therefore a creation of human
experiences that tells about people and
their world.

Literature
is
LIFE
Why do we read literature?
1. To satisfy one’s curiosity.

2. To uplift cultural understanding.
3. To escape from reality.
4. To fulfill one’s desire and aspiration.
5. To understand life.
6. To enrich experiences to explore the world
which may lead to great discoveries and genuine
realization about various dimensions of life and
of the world.
Importance of Literature
•Studying literature is like looking
at the mirror of life where man’s
experiences, his innermost
feelings and thoughts are
reflected.
•Through literature, we learn the
culture of people across time
and space.
Importance of Literature
• We understand not only the past life
of a nation but also its present.
• Moreover, we become familiar not
only with the culture of neighboring
countries but also with that of
others living very far from us.

Key Features of Literature
1. Literature is a form of communication
– literature mainly as a product or commentary
on the life process. Man’s inner thoughts,
feelings, and conditions can be disclosed and
revealed through the power of literature.
Ex. Stories from the past, our forebears
communicated with us through literature.
2. Literature is an art.
– “Dulce” refers to beauty and
magnificence. Its beauty is a deliberate
manifestation of the mind’s ability to create
and imagine. It is said to be an artistic
expression of man’s desires, aspirations,
and conditions.
3. Nobility of Thoughts.
– It highlights ideas of great importance and
significance.
4. Timelessness.
– literary work should not wane and dissipate as
time passes by . Ex. Famous nobles written by
Rizal during Spanish occupation.
5. Universality.
– Global applicability. Ex. Filipinos love to watch
dramas and movies of foreign origin; set in
different locale, Filipinos can effectively connect
themselves and understand these foreign
stories.
6. Literature has utility.
– a literature has utility.
The term “utile” refers to the intellectual,
emotional, and social function of any creative or
literary work. Through literature, we can obtain
relevant information to better understand
people, society, and culture.
It has the power to influence perspective about
self and world in general.
LITERARY STANDARDS
Artistry
Intellectual Value
Spiritual Value
Permanence
Style
Universality
Suggestiveness
Artistry
This is the quality that appeals to our sense of
beauty.
LITERARY STANDARDS
Intellectual Value
A literary works stimulates thought. It enriches
our mental life by making us realize
fundamental truths about life and human
nature.
LITERARY STANDARDS
Spiritual Value
Literature elevates the spirit by bringing out moral
values which makes a better persons.
The capacity to inspire is part of the spiritual
value of literature.
LITERARY
STANDARDS
Permanence
A great work of literature endures.
It can be read again and again as each reading
gives fresh delight and new insights and opens a
new world of meaning and experience.
Its appeal is long-lasting.
LITERARY
STANDARDS
UNIVERSALITY
Great literature is timeless and timely.
Forever relevant, it appeals to one and all,
anytime, anywhere, because it deals with
elemental feelings, fundamental truths, and
universal conditions.
LITERARY
STANDARDS
Style
This is the peculiar way in which writers sees
life, forms his ideas, and expresses them.
LITERARY
STANDARDS
Suggestiveness
This is associated with the emotional
power of literature.
Great literature moves us deeply and
stirs our feeling and imagination, giving,
and evoking visions above and beyond
the plane of ordinary life and
experience.
LITERARY
STANDARDS
Literary Approaches
Literary Approaches
Formalistic or Literary Approach

The study of the selection is more or less
based on the so-called “literary
elements”.

Literary Approaches
Moral or Humanistic Approach
• Literature is viewed to discuss man and its nature.
• It presents man as essentially rational; that
is, endowed with intellect and free will; or that the
piece does not misinterpret the true nature of man.
•The approach is close to the “morality” of
literature, to questions of ethical goodness or
badness.
Literary Approaches
Historical Approach
Literature is seen both as a reflection and product
of the times and circumstances in which it was
written.

Literary Approaches
•Sociological Approach Literature
Viewed as the expression of man within a
given social situation which is reduced to
discussions on economy which will
underscore the conflict between the two
classes- the rich and the poor.
Literary Approaches
Cultural Approach
Literature is seen as one of the
manifestations and vehicles of a nation’s or
race’s culture and tradition. It includes the
entire compels of what goes under “culture”

Literary Approaches
Psychological Approach
Literature is viewed as the expression of “personality,”
of “inner drives” or “neurosis”. It includes the
psychology of the author, of the characters, and even
the psychology of creation.
It has resulted in an almost exhausting and exhaustive
“psychological analysis” of characters, of symbols and
images, of recurrent themes, and others.
Literary Approaches
Impressionistic Approach
Literature is viewed to elucidate “reacting-
response” which is considered as something very
personal, relative and fruitful. Unconditioned by
explanations and often taking the impact of the
piece as a whole, it seeks to see how the piece
has communicated.
Why do we need to study
Philippine Literature?

Why do we need to study Philippine
Literature?
•To trace our rich heritage of ideas and handed

down to us from our forefathers
•For appreciation of our heritage.
•To Understand that we have noble traditions
which can serve as the means to assimilate other
cultures.

Literature and History
Together

Literature and History
• Literature and history are closely interrelated.
• In discovering history of a race, a country, we basically
understand their own culture and traditions, hence
the written customs and traditions of a country, the
dreams and aspirations of its people is called
Literature.
• History can also be written down and this too, is
literature. History therefore is an integral part of
literature.
Literary Compositions that
Influenced the World
1.The Bible or the Sacred Writings – This has become the basis of Christianity
originating from Palestine and Greece.
2.Koran- The Muslim Bible originating from Arabia.
3.The Iliad and Odyssey – These have been the source of myths and legends of
Greece. They were written by Homer.
4.The Mahabharata- The longest epic of the world. It contains the history of
religion of India.
5.Canterbury Tales- It depicts the religion and customs of the English in the
early days. This originated from England and written by Chaucer.
6.Uncle Tom’s Cabin- by Harriet Beecher Stowe of the US. This depicted the sad
fate of slaves; this became the basis of democracy later on.
Literary Compositions that
Influenced the World
6.The Divine Comedy – by Dante Alighieri. This shows the religion and customs ;
trip through the afterlife.
7.El Cid – This shows the cultural characteristics of the Spaniards and their
national history.
8. The Song of Roland – This includes Doce Pares and Ronscesvalles of France.
It tells about the Golden age of Christianity in France.
9.The Book of the Dead – This includes the cult of Osiris and the mythology
and theology of Egypt.
10.One Thousand and One Nights or the Arabian Nights – From Arabia and
Persia (Iran) It shows the ways of government, of industries and of the society
of the Arabs
Application:
1. Draw some images that will best represent
what literature is all about.
Write a short description below your drawing.
2. As a student, how do you benefit from

literature?

Introduction To Philippines Literature

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Introduction

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

What is Literature? ignatius joseph n estroga

is a product of particular culture that

ignatius joseph n estroga

1. To satisfy one’s curiosity.

ignatius joseph n estroga

Formalistic or Literary Approach

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

•To trace our rich heritage of ideas and handed

ignatius joseph n estroga

ignatius joseph n estroga

2. As a student, how do you benefit from

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