B.E.

- 1st year 2016-17

EC-2 (B-3)

Submitted to Submitted by
Dr. UBS Chandravat Sir Shadab Khokar
Technical Description

Presentation Title:

MODEM
 INDEX
 Introduction to Modem
 History
 Types of Modem
 Parts of Modem
 Process of modulation
 Working process
 Functions of the Modem
 Modem purpose
 Modem Security
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Future aspects
 References
 INTRODUCTION
 A Networking Device
 Connect and communicate globally with others via
“TELEPHONE LINES”.

 Easy shifting of signals DIGITAL to ANALOG and

ANALOG to DIGITAL .

 MODULATION / DEMODULATION.
 History
 IN 1920 used as
multiplex equipment
 In 1958 used in air-
defense system
 In 1960 the name
Data-Phone was
introduced
 In 1962 The famous
Bell 103A dataset
standard was also
introduced by AT&T
 TYPES OF MODEMS
External vs. Internal Modems

 External Modem: This is a modem separated

from the system unit in the computer case. It is
connected to the serial port of the computer by
means of a cable. It is connected to the telephone
wall jack by another cable.
 Internal Modem: An internal modem is a circuit
board (a modem card) that can be added to the
system unit of the computer. It takes one of the
expansion slots.
 Standard vs. Intelligent Modems

 Standard Modems: Most modems

used today are called standard
modems. These modems are usually
operated by commands entered from a
microcomputer keyboard.
 Intelligent Modems: Intelligent
modems are also called advanced
modems. These modems can accept
new instructions and then respond to
the commands while transmitting data
and information.
 Short-Haul and Wireless Modems

 Short-Haul Modems: Short- haul

modems are devices that transmit
signals down the cable through any
COM1 port.
 Wireless Modems: Wireless modems
transmit the data signals through the
air instead of by using a cable. They
sometimes are called a radiofrequency
modem.
Parts of modem
 On/off button: Spring-loaded switch turns the power on and off.
 Capacitors: Have a variety of jobs to do in a modem, including smooth out
current peaks. (See our article on capacitors for more on how they work.)
 Volume control: Controls the loudspeaker volume.
 Loudspeaker: Relays what's happening on the phone line as your modem
dials. Read more about loudspeakers.
 Modem chip: Modulates (add digital information to the outgoing telephone
signal) and demodulates (separate the digital information from the incoming
signal).
 Other chips: Control modem chip and other components.
 Microphone: Allows you to send your own voice down the phone line. Discover
how microphones work.
 Serial connection: Connects the modem to your computer's serial (RS-232)
port. Newer modems connect to the USB port instead.
 Microphone socket: Connects an external microphone so you can record
messages in higher quality than if you use the built-in microphone.
 Telephone sockets: Connect your modem to a phone socket with a standard
(RJ11) telephone cable. There's a second socket where you can plug a
telephone handset into your modem. This lets you to use your phone through
the modem when your computer's not already using the line.
 Power input: Connects the modem to an external power supply unit
(electricity transformer) to your modem.
PROCESS OF MODULATION
 As the Audio waves cannot travel a long
distance Because its energy level is
minimum therefore transmission of
audio waves for a longest distance,
Modulation is required.
 “Modulation is a process in which audio
waves are superimposed on
electromagnetic waves to propagate it
upto a long distance.
 Working of modem
As we know that the computers can’t understand our
language. Computers understand the language of 0’s
and 1’s i.e. digital form. The modem will modulate the
signal into a sine wave. So, this modulated digital
signal can easily run over the telephone lines. Then
the signal will reach the IP hub. After this the
demodulation of the signal will take place into digital
form. Then you will be connected to the internet. All
these processes are performed by modem at
extremely high speeds. The speed of the modem
depends upon the number of the available access
lines and the technology of the modem.
Working process
Working of modem
FUNCTION OF MODEMS

1. Error Correction
2. Compressing the Data
3. Flow Control
What is Modems purpose ?
The word modem is an acronym for Modulator-Demodulator.
Basically, a modem is used for transmitting and receiving data
over a communication channel, such as twisted-pair telephone
lines, coaxial cables, and optical fibers. Currently the purpose of
a modem is to convert a computer’s data stream to analog
format so that it can be transmitted over the analog telephone
line.
At the source, modulation techniques are used to convert digital
data (0’s and 1’s) into analog form for transmission across the
channel. At the destination, the received analog signal is
converted to digital data via demodulation. This is a simplified
explanation of how a modem works, and there are other issues
that require attention; such as channel impairments, encryption,
error detection/correction, data compression, modulation,
handshake negotiation, and echo cancellation. These features
will be discussed a bit later.
 Modem Security

Modem security can be an issue for some people,

especially if they leave their modems on for a
continuous connection to the Internet. However,
many modems have built-in security software to
protect your home computer from invasion. Using
a router will enhance your security, as will shifting
to a less popular but highly secure operating
system like Linux.
 Advantages
 BASIC NEED OF INTERNET / NETWORKING.

 COMMUNICATION BECOMES FASTER.

 PORTABLE DEVICE.

 IMPROVES ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION

 Disadvantages
 COST EFFECTIVE.

 EXCESSIVE USE.

 TEMPERATURE RISES DUE TO CPU.

 BAD FACE-TO-FACE (FTF) COMMUNICATION.

 REFERENCES
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modem
 http://www.tahirmehmood.com/wp
content/uploads/2011/01/dslsetup.png
 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-modem.htm
 http://e99ie.tripod.com/ADSL_Tutorial/purpose.htm
 http://amylouisewebber.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/thankyo
u2.jpg
 http://home.olemiss.edu/~misbook/cs11.htm
 http://www.scribd.com/doc/27121008/Functions-and-Types-
of-Modems
 http://www.ustudy.in/node/5016