Topic 3: Occupational Safety and Health Management

TOPIC 3 :
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH
MANAGEMENT
COURSE CONTENT
3.1 UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPTS OF
SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT
3.2 UNDERSTAND THE ESTABLISHMENT

OF SAFETY AND HEALTH
COMMITTEE
3.3 UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF THE

MANAGEMENT
3.4 UNDERSTAND THE SAFETY

TRAINING
S AF E TY & H E ALTH C O M M I TT E E
TOPIC 3.1
CONCEPTS OF
SAFETY & HEALTH
MANAGEMENT
• A Safety and Health Management
System can be defined as ‘the means
by which an organisation controls risk
through the management process’.
The BSI define a OH&S management system as ‘part
of the overall management system that facilities the
management of the OH&S risks associated with the
business of the organisation. This includes the
organisational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and
resources for developing and achieving, reviewing and
maintaining the organisation’s OH&S policy.
• Health and safety objectives are a major
part of a management system and are
defined as “the goals in terms of H&S
performance that an organisation sets
itself to achieve and should be quantified
wherever practicable”.
• OH&S Objectives should be set annually.
Examples of types of an OH&S objective include:
• The introduction of additional features into the OH&S

management system (e.g. permit to work systems for
specific tasks, strategic OH&S safety training for
supervisors etc.)
• The improvement of existing features, or the constancy

of their application across the organisation (e.g.
accident reporting, communication of standard
procedures etc.).
• The elimination or the reduction in frequency of

particular undesired incidents (e.g. reduce accidents by
20%, remove all hazardous material etc.)
TOPIC 3.2
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE
DO WE REALLY
NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE ?
YES !
• SAFETY & HEALTH
 A great concern to company
 A greater concern to the employees
• SO ….Employees should share in the work

of ACCIDENT PREVENTION….
WHY SAFETY & HEALTH
COMMITTEE ESSENTIAL ?
• Management give their best effort to correct
unsafe condition/practices but employees in
a good position to observe the HAZARDS
• An important source of help would be

overlooked if employee Safety & Health
committee were not included in the
organisation
Objectives of OSHA 1994
 to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work
against risks out of the activities at work;
 to protect person at a place of work other than persons at

work against risks out of the activities at work;
 to promote an occupational environment for persons at

work which is adapted to their physiological and
psychological needs
 to provide the means to be progressively replaced by a

system of regulations and approved industry codes….. to
maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.
OSHA 1994
 Spirit of OSHA 1994
 “Self Regulation”
 Workers Cooperation & Consultation
 All economic activities except shipping and
armed forces
 Guiding principles
 Responsibilities for OSH lies with those WHO
CREATE THE RISK and those WHO WORK
WITH THE RISK
 Concept of so far as is REASONABLE/
PRACTICABLE
Every employer shall establish a Safety &
Health Committee (SHC) at the place of work
in accordance with this section if :-
• 40 or more persons employed at the place
of work or
• The Director General directs the
establishment of such a committee at the
place of work
OBJECTIVES OF SHC
 To fulfil the requirement of OSHA 1994
 To promote consultation and cooperation
between management and workers in
upgrading safety & health at work
 To provide a two-way communication
channel or dissemination of information on
safety & health issues
 To enhance interest and motivation of all
groups of management and workers at place
of work in safety & health.
CHAIRMAN
SECRETARY
MANAGEMENT WORKERS
REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES
MANAGEMENT WORKERS
REPRESENTATIVES REPRESENTATIVES
(con’t)
 Chairman : Employer or his
authorised manager
 Secretary : Safety &
Health Officer
 Management Representatives:
Manager/Director/Supervisors
 Workers Representatives:
From section or process
Appointment
 Chairman
 Employer or Authorised Manager shall be
chairman.
 Secretary
 Person employed as Safety & Health
Officer
 If no SHO, chairman may appoint another
person
 or SHC may appoint by ballots ( sulit ) from
members.
Appointment
 Management Representatives :
 Appointed by Employer
 Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
 Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )
 Workers Representatives :
 Selected by workers
 Appointed by employer
 Min 2 persons ( < 100 employees )
 Min 4 persons ( > 100 employees )
Appointment
 Employees Representatives
 Nominated from employees
 If number exceeded the vacancies…. ballot
 If no representatives, employer shall appoint
 Shall represent various section of work place
 Any vacancy shall be replaced in the same manner
as the previous member.
 Do not penalise workers who absent due to their
duties as SHC members
Removal of Committee member
 Fail to attend 3 consecutive meetings
 Unsound mind
 Bankrupt
 No longer employed (employee rep)
 Convicted on a charge of:
 Fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude
 offence under law relating to OSH
 Other criminal offence
 Incapable to carry duty as member
Part III ( OSHA 1994 )
 Assist in development of Safety & Health rules

and safe system of work
 Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health

Programmes
 To investigate any safety & health matter brought

to attention of employer.
 Review Safety & Health policies and recommend

to employer for revision of such policies.
 Assist in development of rules and systems
 Assist in development and review of safety

& health programmes
 Perform analysis of incident trends and

statistics
 Review and recommend amendments to

safety & health policies.
 Perform inspections at work place and
recommend preventive and corrective
measures
 Perform immediate investigation of

accidents, near-miss accident, dangerous
occurrence, occupational poisoning or
occupational diseases occurred at workplace.
• Investigates complaints of unsafe or
unhealthy practices and report to employer
with recommendations for corrective
actions.
• Assists in the development of promotional
and education programmes
• Discusses reports and matters from the
safety officer, enforcement officer, etc
• Advises the employer on safety and health
matters
INSPECTION OF WORKPLACE
 Inspect at least once in every three months
 Discuss the observation of the members
during inspection
 Record the details of such circumstances in
a report kept for such purpose
 Make recommendations to the employer on
the remedial measures to be taken on any
matter.
 Record the recommendations in the report
Investigation into any accident
(According to SHC Regulation)
• To inspect the place of work as soon as it is safe
to do so.
• SHO shall furnish the chairman of committee
with a report of his findings.
• Chairman shall as soon as practicable (ASAP)
convene a meeting of the committee to discuss
the report.
• If no SHO, employer or authorised manager shall
inform the chairman or the secretary.
Investigating an accident
• Chairman/secretary shall ASAP after the
committee has inspected the place of work
convene a meeting to investigate into such
incident.
• In the meeting, the committee shall discuss the

cause of accident…. And make recommendations
to the employer to prevent the reoccurrence of
such incident
 SHO or Chairman ( if no SHO ) shall furnish the
employer or his authorised manager on the
recommendations.
 Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP

discuss the report or recommendations with
SHO or Chairman.
 SHO or Chairman shall record the decision of

the employer or his authorised manager
• Employer or authorised manager shall
direct any person employed to take
such action…..
• Employer shall keep a copy of the report

for a minimum period of SEVEN years.
 Formulate own meeting procedures and terms of
references
 Frequency of meetings:
 Depends on nature of risk at workplace
 At least once a month for high risk workplace
 Once in three month for other workplaces
 More frequent meetings during initial period of formation.
 In the event of an accident or any other situations

which calls for immediate attentions, meeting should
be held immediately.
 Agenda and minutes :
 Early notice in writing and circulation of agenda
attached.
 Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to be

discussed.
 Minutes circulated soon, not later than two weeks

after meeting
Meeting Facilities :
• EMPLOYER SHOULD :
– Provide suitable meeting room at the place of work.
– Permit member to attend meeting during working

hours.
 Quorum
 Half of total number of members
 Non member may attend

 May invite any person to discuss pertaining to
OSH matters or related to any accident occurred in
the plant.
 Safety and Health matters only
 Strictly for Safety & Health matters in workplace .
 Minutes
 Copy of every meeting shall be furnished to every
member and the employer within TWO WEEKS
after the meeting.
 Minutes
 Shall be kept at place of work for minimum period
of SEVEN years.
 The employer should furnished the DOSH with a
copy of minutes if required.
TRAINING & INFORMATION
 Employer to ensure
 Committee members have basic understanding and
knowledge on the function of the committee.
 Provide training to the committee member.
 Availability of an adequate document & information
for SHC
• Act & Legislation
• Code of Practices
• Technical Informations
• Operational Information etc
EMPLOYER SHOULD NOT :
• Disclose any information which would be

prejudicial to national security.
• Disclosure of information which contravene with
any law
• Disclose individual matters unless consented to its
disclosure
• Provide any information other than for Safety &
Health or welfare at work.
• Any information obtained by the employer for legal
matters.
PENALTY
Any person who contravene
any of the provision of these regulation
shall be guilty of an offence and shall
be liable to a fine not exceeding
FIVE THOUSAND RINGGIT
or imprisonment for a term not
exceeding SIX MONTHS or
to BOTH
STRUCTURE OF COMMITEE
 Joint management-worker committee at
workplace
 Company may form other committee to
supplement work of joint committee such as :
 Management committee to oversee work of joint
committee or subcommittee (permanent or ad-
hoc)
 Must have clear communication channel between
joint committee and other committee.
IN SUMMARY
ENSURING EFFECTIVE COMMITEE
• Basic knowledge and interest of members
• On going training and education of members
• Availability of relevant information to members
• Regularity and frequency of meetings
• Fast decision making and follow-up action
• Wide publicity of committee activities
• Recognition of members
• Leadership of chairman
• Stick to safety and health only
TOPIC 3.3
ROLES OF THE
MANAGEMENT
• There are a number of strategies that can be used by organizations to ensure a
healthy and safe workplace and ensure compliance with legal requirements.
• For Example :
Design Safe and healthy systems of work

Exhibit Strong management commitment
Inspect Workplace for health and safety problems
Establish Procedures and controls for dealing with health and
safety issues
Develop Training programs
Set up Health and safety committees
Monitor Safety policies
Draw up Action plan and checklist
Policy This is a statement of the principles governing decision-
making. They can only be changed by the
Management and are mandatory.
Procedure Describes the functional steps used to implement
policies. Examples are those used by Safety & Health
to promote adherence to management policy and are
mandatory.
Guidelines Describe specific aspects of working to the
requirements of procedures where extended explanation
is required and provided by Safety and Health. They
contain recommended methods and statements with the
objective of achieving certain standards or outcomes.
Safety These documents can provide both procedural
Handbook instructions and guidance on a specific subject. They
s and are intended to describe a generic approach (e.g.
Manuals Contractor Safety Handbook) and may describe
activities which are routinely carried out as part of the
normal functioning of the area (e.g. Laboratory or
Workshop manuals).
Safety This is a summary of the appropriate Safety and Health

Managem policies, procedures and guidelines which govern all
ent aspects of task planning. It provides a framework
within which tasks or activities can occur.
Job Safety The area supervisor ensures that all task planning
accords with a Safety Management Plan detailing
applicable Safety and Health Policies, Procedures and
Guidelines (including Handbooks and Manuals).
Enforcement the safety procedure
• The action plan must be implemented in a
way that is compatible with professional rules
and practices as well as with existing
procedures.
Follow-up the safety management system

• The effectiveness of the system implemented
must be checked and follow-up, and if a new
risk or hazard factor is identified there must
be a response. Audits must be
systematically carried out and analysed in
order to select corrective actions.
TOPIC 3.4
SAFETY & HEALTH
TRAINING
DO WE NEED A
SAFETY & HEALTH
TRAINING ?
YE S! OF CO U R S E ..
**Companies are legally responsible for providing the

safety training mandated for their industry by OSHA. **
SAF ETY & H EALTH T R A I N I N G

WHY SAFETY TRAINING
IMPORTANT ?
• Safety training is the key element in the
prevention of work-related injuries, illnesses
and death.
• When properly trained on safety procedures,
employees will
– understand the importance of workplace safety,
– know how prevent an incident in the workplace by
following workplace safety procedures,
– learn how to respond quickly if presented with a
dangerous situation.
SAF E T Y & H EALT H TRA I N I N G

 Different work environments require
different types and levels of safety training.
 For example :
 eye safety and heat stress training is pertinent to
construction and other outdoor workers,
 first aid training is important for all work
environments.
 Other types of safety training courses include
workplace violence, respiratory protection, safety
awareness, electrical safety and etc.

• Back Safety • HAZWOPER • Safety Awareness
• Bloodborne Pathogens • Healthcare • Safety Orientation
• Construction Safety • Hearing Protection • Scaffolding Safety
• Crane Safety • Heat Stress • School & School Bus
• DOT & Trucking • Hotels / Hospitality
Safety
• Driving Safety • Housekeeping
• Industrial Safety • Shop Safety
• Electrical Safety
• Emergency Planning • Kitchen Safety • Solid Waste
• EPA • Laboratory Safety • Specific Chemicals
• Ergonomics • Ladder Safety & Gases
• Eye Safety • Lead Safety • Supervisor Safety
• Fall Protection • Lockout / Tagout
• Machine Guarding • Trenching & Shoring
• Fire Extinguisher Use
• • Maintenance Safety • Utilities & Public
Fire Prevention
• First Aid • MSDS Works
• Food Service Safety • Office Safety • Warehouse Safety
• • Off The Job Safety
Forklift Safety • Welding Safety
• • PPE
Hand & Finger Safety • Workplace Violence
• Recordkeeping
• Hand & Power Tools
• Respiratory Safety • Workzone Safety
• HazCom
• Retail Safety
• HazMat

Any question…..????
Prepared By : ERBZ

Topic 3: Occupational Safety and Health Management

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TOPIC 3 :

3.2 UNDERSTAND THE ESTABLISHMENT

3.3 UNDERSTAND THE ROLES OF THE

3.4 UNDERSTAND THE SAFETY

• OH&S Objectives should be set annually.

• The introduction of additional features into the OH&S

• The improvement of existing features, or the constancy

• The elimination or the reduction in frequency of

• SO ….Employees should share in the work

• An important source of help would be

 to protect person at a place of work other than persons at

 to promote an occupational environment for persons at

 to provide the means to be progressively replaced by a

 Assist in development of Safety & Health rules

 Review the effectiveness of Safety & Health

 To investigate any safety & health matter brought

 Review Safety & Health policies and recommend

 Assist in development and review of safety

 Perform analysis of incident trends and

 Review and recommend amendments to

 Perform immediate investigation of

• In the meeting, the committee shall discuss the

 Employer or authorised manager shall ASAP

 SHO or Chairman shall record the decision of

• Employer shall keep a copy of the report

 In the event of an accident or any other situations

 Only matters pertaining to Safety & Health to be

 Minutes circulated soon, not later than two weeks

– Permit member to attend meeting during working

 Non member may attend

• Disclose any information which would be

Design Safe and healthy systems of work

Safety This is a summary of the appropriate Safety and Health

Follow-up the safety management system

**Companies are legally responsible for providing the

SAF ETY & H EALTH T R A I N I N G

SAF E T Y & H EALT H TRA I N I N G

SAF ETY & H EALTH T R A I N I N G

SAF ETY & H EALTH T R A I N I N G

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