Water Cooler,

Types of Air Conditioning,

and Window Air Conditioner

Presented to: presented By: Shivam Dwivedi (1505220046)

Dr. Kuldeep Sahay sir Shivam Kumar Sahu (1505220047)
Shreya Sharma (1505220048)
Shubham Verma (1505220049)
Sudha Verma (1505220050)
Content
• Water Cooler
• Compressor
• Condensor
• Expansion Valve
• Evaporator
• Air Conditioning
• Types of air conditioning
• Window Air conditioning
• Parts of window air conditioning
Water Cooler

• Principle: The working principle of a cooler is that

water is made colder by acquainting it with an
even colder fluid. It surrenders its heat to this
colder fluid, thus becoming colder itself.
 CONTINUED

• Refrigerant: The fluid that boils and freezes at a very

low temperature is called a refrigerant. Eg: R-22.
While water boils at 100 degrees Celsius, R-22 boils
at an astounding -40.8 degrees Celsius!
The Process:
• The water is introduced to the cooler by filling
a container called the cooler reservoir. The
reservoir is surrounded by coils in which the
refrigerant flows.
• The cooler has four major components:
• Compressor
• Condenser
• Expansion Valve
• Evaporator
COMPRESSOR

• The compressor is the only moving part in the

system and its functions is to raise the pressure
of the vapour refrigerant coming form the
evaporator, high enough so that the
temperature of the leaving gas is higher than
that of the condensing medium.
 CONTINUED

• The hot vapour refrigerant consists of the heat

absorbed by the evaporator and the heat of
compression added by the mechanical energy of the
compressor motor.
COMPRESSOR

Ref: google
CONDENSER

• The condenser is an important device, used in

the high pressure side of a refrigeration
system.

• Its function is to remove heat of the vapour

refrigerant discharged form the compressor.
 CONTINUED

• The hot vapour refrigerant consists of the heat

absorbed by the evaporator and the heat of
compression added by the mechanical energy
of the compressor motor.
CONDENSER

Ref: google
EXPANSION VALVE

• The expansion device is an important device

that divides the high pressure side and low
pressure side of a refrigerating system.

• It is connected between the receiver and the

evaporator.
 CONTINUED

• The following are the functions of the expansion

device.

• It reduces the high pressure liquid refrigerant to low

pressure liquid refrigerant before being fed to the
evaporator.
 CONTINUED

• It maintains the desired pressure difference between

the high and low pressure sides of the system, so
that the liquid refrigerant vaporizes at the designed
pressure in the evaporator.

• It controls the flow of refrigerant according to the

load on the evaporator.
EXPANSION VALVE

Ref: google
EVAPORATOR

• The evaporator is an important device used in the

low pressure side of a refrigeration system.
• The liquid refrigerant from the expansion vale
enters into evaporator where it boils and changes
into vapour.
• The function of and evaporator is to absorb heat
form the surrounding location or medium which
is to be cooled, by means of the refrigerant.
EVAPORATOR

Ref : google
DIAGRAM

Ref : google
ADVANTAGES

• Simple in construction
• This system is noiseless in operation
• It is portable, so it can be transferred easily
from one place to other place
• Power consumption is less
• Maintenance cost is low
APPLICATIONS

• Domestic Application
• Office and Bank Application
• It is very much useful in College and Schools
 AIR CONDITIONING

• Air conditioning (often referred to as AC) is the

process of removing heat and moisture from the
interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort
of occupants.

• Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and

commercial environments.
 CONTINUED

• This process is most commonly used to achieve a

more comfortable interior environment, typically for
humans and other animals; however, air conditioning
is also used to cool/dehumidify rooms filled with
heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer
servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and
store some delicate products, such as artwork.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONERS

• 1. CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING

• 2. DUCTLESS, MINI-SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER
• 3. WINDOW AIR CONDITIONER
• 4. PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONER
• 5. HYBRID AIR CONDITIONERS
• 6. GEOTHERMAL HEATING &COOLING
 1. CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING
• Of all the different types of air conditioners, this is
the most common type of cooling system as it is the
most preferable for larger homes due to its ability to
cool efficiently.

• Central air conditioners circulate cool air through

supply and return ducts. Supply ducts and registers,
which are in the wall or floors, carry cooled air into
the home.
 CONTINUED

• Then, once the air becomes warm it circulates back

into the supply ducts and registers where it will then
be transported back to the air conditioner.

• Installing a central air conditioning system requires a

lot of planning and preparation as sizing is crucial to
the functionality of the system. If you install a system
that is of the wrong size, even if it’s energy efficient,
you’ll find that your utility costs are more than they
should be.
Ref : google
 2. DUCTLESS, MINI-SPLIT AIR CONDITIONER

• Ductless, mini-split systems are most common in parts

of the home that have been retro-fitted. Like central air
conditioning systems, these systems have an outdoor
compressor/condenser and an indoor handling unit.

• Many ductless, mini-split systems can have as many as

four indoor handling units, which are all connected to
the outdoor unit.
 CONTINIED

• Each zone has its own thermostat, allowing you to

adjust the temperature for each room accordingly.
This is especially advantageous if you’re wanting to
cool only a particular part of the house that is being
used
Ref :google
 3. PORTABLE AIR CONDITIONER
• Portable air conditioners are considered as the
next generator of window units.
• This type of air conditioning unit takes in air from
the room and cools it, then directs it back into the
room.
• The unit then vents any warm air outside by
means of an exhaust hose that is installed in a
window.
 CONTINUED

• Like window air conditioning units, portable air

conditioners are designed to cool only one room.
• They’re easy to install, versatile, and an affordable
option.
• We’ll find that the portability of our air conditioner
makes staying cooling on a hot summer day that
much easier.
Ref : google
4. HYBRID AIR CONDITIONERS

• Like hybrid cars, hybrid heat pump systems

alternate between burning fossil fuels and
using electricity to run.
• The system intelligently chooses between the
two energy sources in order to save money and
energy. You won’t have to be held hostage by
rising energy prices.
 CONTINUED

• In the summer, your heat pump works as it normally

does, pulling heat from your home and distributing it
outdoors.

• In the winter, your hybrid heat pump system works in

reverse, pulling heat from the outside environment
and distributing it into your home.
 CONTINUED

• According to the Second Law of

Thermodynamics, we know that heat gets
transferred from a hot object to a cold object.
• When the refrigerant drops below the outside
temperature, the heat from the outdoors gets
transferred to your heat pump’s coils and thus
into your refrigerant. Now, the extracted heat can
be turned into warm, conditioned air for our
home.
5. GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING

• Geothermal energy is sustainable, energy efficient, and

has a long lifespan.

• Since the ground temperature below us remains a fairly

consistent 55 degrees fahrenheit no matter how hot or
cold it is in the atmosphere, geothermal technology is
able to extract the heat from below and transfer it into
your home.
 CONTINUED

• A geothermal coil (“loops” or “wells”) is installed

deep in the ground and can be used to heat and cool
our home.

• In the winter, heat is extracted from the earth; in the

summer, heat is extracted from your home and
distributed back into the ground.
Ref : google
WINDOW AIR CONDITIONER
• Window air conditioner is sometimes
referred to as room air conditioner as well.
It is the simplest form of an air conditioning
system and is mounted on window or walls.

• It is a single unit that is assembled in a

casing where all the components are
located
PARTS OF A WINDOW AC

Ref : google
Indoor Side Components
The indoor parts of a window air conditioner
include:
• Cooling Coil with a air filter mounted on it. The
cooling coil is where the heat exchange happen
between the refrigerant in the system and the air
in the room.
• Fan Blower is a centrifugal evaporator blower
to discharge the cool air to the room.
• Capillary Tube is used as an expansion device.
 CONTINUED
• Operation Panel is used to control the
temperature and speed of the blower fan.

• A Thermostat is used to sense the return air

temperature and another one to monitor the
temperature of the coil.

• Type of control can be mechanical or electronic

type.
 CONTINUED

• Filter Drier is used to remove the moisture from

the refrigerant.

• Drain Pan is used to contain the water that

condensate from the cooling coil and is
discharged out to the outdoor by gravity.
 Outdoor Side Components

The outdoor side parts include:

• Compressor is used to compress the refrigerant.

• Condenser Coil is used to reject heat from the

refrigeration to the outside air.
 CONTINUED
• Propeller Fan is used in air-cooled condenser to
help move the air molecules over the surface of
the condensing coil.

• Fan Motor is located here. It has a double shaft

where the indoor blower and outdoor propeller
fan are connected together.

• There is an insulated partition separating this two

sides within the same casing.
OPERATION( FLOW OF REGRIGERANT)

COMPRESSOR
(compression)

CONDENSOR
(heat transfer)

CAPILLARY
TUBES
(expansion)
 EVAPORATOR
(heat transfer)

RECEIVER/DRIER

COMPRESSOR
ADVANTAGES

• Simple installation

• Can be installed and handled ourselves.

• Economical and efficient.

• Portable.
 LIMITATION

• Heating facility during winters not provided.

• Natural ventilation is prohibited when it is installed.

THANKYOU