Earth

 Is the third
planet from the
sun and the only
planet in the
solar system
that can sustain
life.
Different spheres
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Geosphere
biosphere
HYDROSPHERE
The water portion
Makes up 71% of earth’s surface
includes :
Streams
Lakes
Underground aquifers and
streams
Ground water is the largest
reservoir of freshwater available
Atmosphere
 Is a thin, life giving gaseous envelope of
earth.

 Major components
 Nitrogen and oxygen
 Trace gases
Atmosphere is divided into four
different layers
Troposphere is the lowest layer of the
atmosphere.
 All weather phenomena occur in this layer

 Tropopause- the boundary between the troposphere

and the next layer.
stratosphere
 Is about 11 km to 48 km from earth’s
surface.
 Temp increase with altitude due to the
presence of the OZONE LAYER.

 STRATOPAUSE is theboundary
between the stratosphere and the next
layer.
Mesosphere
 Coldest temp. in the atmosphere. Reaching
up to -90
 When asteroids enter the atmosphere, they
burn up, creating the streak of light.
 Asteroids that enter earth’s atmosphere are
called Meteors.

 MESOPAUSE separates the mesosphere and

the layer above it, the thermosphere.
Thermosphere
 Starts at about 55km and has no definite upper limit.
 It has the most least amount of atmospheric
molecules, but receive most of the high energy
radiation.
Biosphere
Is the biological component of
earth.
It includes all of the microbes,
plants, and animals that can be
found 1km above sea level down to
the deepest part of the oceans.
 Several examples of sphere interactions
can be inferred from this photograph:

 Humans (biosphere) built a dam out of rock

materials (geosphere).
 Water in the lake (hydrosphere) seeps into
the cliff walls behind the dam, becoming
groundwater (geosphere), or evaporating
into the air (atmosphere).
•Humans (biosphere) harness
energy from the water
(hydrosphere) by having it spin
turbines (geosphere) to produce
electricity.
Spheres interaction
Geosphere
The solid region of earth
It extends to the center of the earth.
It is divided Into different layers.
 Crust
 Mantle
 Outer core
 Inner core
Mohorovicic discontinuity
 The one that separates the denser
mantle from the crust. Located at the
base of the crust and the top of the
mantle.
Mantle
 82% of earth’s volume
 Divided into upper and lower mantle
 100km – solid rocks makes up the
litosphere
 Below the solid portion of upper
mantle is the weaker semi solid
ASTHENOSPHERE. 700km thick
Core
 Gutenberg discontinuity- marking the boundary
between the solid mantle and the outer core.

 Bullendiscontinuity or lehmann
discontinuity- it separates the outer core from the
inner core.