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01 I Nyoman Subagja
1805551131
When the subject and the object refer to the same person or thing.
1. He accidentally cut himself while he was chopping the vegetables
2. She bought a present for herself.
3. We helped ourselves to the free drinks at the launch party.
4. They injured themselves during the rugby match.
5. I enjoyed myself at the concert.
6. The dog is scratching itself – it must have fleas!
When to use reflexive pronouns
There are a number of verbs in English with which we rarely or never use
reflexive pronouns (as they are in other languages).
They include: adapt, complain, concentrate, get up, hide, lie down,
meet, move, relax, remember, shave, shower, sit down.
After a preposition of place or location we use a personal pronoun and not a
reflexive pronoun.
1. He put the backpack next to him.
Reflexive Pronouns with Objects
Ex :
1. I need some oil.
2. There were some boys in the class.
3. I need some help.
Use ‘any’ in negative and interrogative
sentences.
Ex:
Ex :
1. I need someone to help you.
Common expressions with any
include: anybody, anyone, anything and
anywhere.They are all mainly used in
negative sentences and questions.
“All (of the)” can generally be used with all types of noun,
e.g.:
Singular countable nouns
The lessor has leased all of the building.
I waited all morning for a call from London.
Plural countable nouns
They have plans to sell all or a significant portion of the
assets.
Have they paid all the invoices from 2015 yet?
Uncountable nouns
Please send us all the documentation you have on the
matter.
They have not sent us all the information we asked for.
WHOLE
AND uncountable
nouns, and many is used with countable
plural
MANY nouns.
Note: We often use
much and many in
affirmative sentences
Ex: after too, as, so and
- Is there much rice left? very.
- We haven’t got much rice left.
- Has he got many books?
- He hasn’t got many books.
Ex:
- Take as much milk as you want.
- I’ve got so many jobs to do today.
- We enjoy the party very much.
- We’ve got too much milk.
In affirmative sentences, we
normally use a lot
(of), lots (of) and plenty (of), not
much and
many.
No
We use both/ neither/ either for two things. You can use When you use both/ neither/ either + of, you always
these words with a noun (both books, neither need the... / these/ those... / my/ your/ his/ Tom's... (etc.).
book etc.). You cannot say 'both of restaurants'. You have to say 'both
For example, you are talking about going out of the restaurants', 'both of those restaurants' etc.:
to eat this evening. There are two restaurants
where you can go. You say: 1. Both of these restaurants are very good.
1. Both restaurants are very good, (not 'the 2. Neither of the restaurants we went to was (or were)
both restaurants’) expensive.
2. Neither restaurant is expensive.
3. We can go to either restaurant. I don't You can use both of / neither of / either of + us/you/them:
mind, (either = one or the other, it 1. (talking to two people) Can either of you speak
doesn't matter which one) Spanish?
2. I asked two people the way to the station
but neither of them knew.
ALL and ALL OF
Use all of before words like us, you, it, him, and her (i.e., pronouns). For
example:
1. All of us
For normal nouns, just use all (instead of all of). For example:
1. All the cheese
2. All the soldiers
ALL and ALL OF
There is no need to use all of for normal nouns. You can just use all. For example:
1. All the soldiers...
2. All the nurses...
MOST VS MOST OFF
In general, if you are talking about a large, general group, you should use most.
1. Most people know how to ride a bike.
2. Most doctors earn a lot of money.
If you are talking about a smaller, more specific group, you should use most of.
1. Most of the people in this neighborhood are married.
2. Most of the doctors at this hospital earn a lot of money.
Grammatically, most is not followed by a determiner (a, the, this, etc.); you should use most of. If no
determiner is used, just use most.
1. Most of people like chocolate. (no determiner, so don’t use of)
2. I like most of fruits. (no determiner, so don’t use of)
3. Most of my friends like movies. (my is a determiner, so you should use of)
4. I want to see most of the movies playing at the theater right now. (the is a determiner, so you should
use of)
Both, Neither .We use both/ neither/ either for two
things. You can use these words with a
noun (both books, neither book etc.).
/Either For example, you are talking about going
out to eat this evening. There are two
restaurants where you can go. You say: