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Clinical signs

 Menace response
- Afferent CN II
Tests Involving Light Responsive Pathways 
-
PLR
Efferent CN VII

- Afferent CN II
- Efferent CN III (PS)
 Pupil size
- Afferent CN II
- Efferent CN III
(autonomic)
 Palpebral
- Afferent CN V
- Efferent CN VII

Pupillary light reflex

Central visual pathway/Menace 1


Clinical signs

Globe
(cornea/humours/retina) Cortical
Lesions: Uni/bilateral Lesion: Bilateral
- Altered menace - Altered menace
- Altered PLR - Normal PLR
- Altered vision - Altered vision

Optic nerve (pre-chiasm) Brainstem


Lesions: Uni/bilateral Lesion: Bilateral
- Altered menace - Altered menace
- Altered PLR - Abnormal PLR
- Altered vision - Normal vision

Optic chiasm  Lesions in


Lesions: Bilateral cerebellum and/
or CNVII may alter
- Altered menace
menace response
- Altered PLR
 Vision usually
- Altered vision normal

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