PRESENTATION TOPIC:

PLANT FAMILY:
 BRASSIVACEAE
 PAPAVERACEAE
PRESENTED BY :
Iram Fatima___018

kiran shahzadi____019

Misbah Ismail____022

Maryam Muneeb___025
Brassicaceae
Family
GENERAL Character :
• Flower actinomorphic
• Hermaphrodite
• Arranged-cruciform;
• Stamen six
• Tetradynamous;
• Gynoecium bicarpellary
• Syncarpous
• Parietal placentation
• Bilocular
• Fruit siliqua or silicula.
 A. Vegetative characters:
Habit:
Generally herbs, annual or biennial or shrubs.
Roots:
Tap root, It may be conical (Radish), fusiform or
napiform (Turnip).
Stem:
Herbaceous, erect, rarely woody or some times
reduced or hairy, solid and branched.
Leaves:
Alternate , simple, exstipulate (Brassica campestris).
 B. Floral characters:
Inflorescence:
 Raceme (Brassica campestris)
 corymbose raceme (Iberis)
Flower:
 Pedicellate
 hermaphrodite
 actinomorphic rarely zygomorphic
 Hypogynous
 Cont..
Androecium:
 Stamens 6, arranged in two whorls,
 outer two stamens short and inner four long (2+4),
 tetradynamous,
 polyandrous,

Gynoecium:
 Bicarpellary rarely tricarpellary
 Syncarpous
 ovary superior, unilocular
 parietal placentation
 ovules many, style short, stigma simple.
Cont..

Fruit:
Siliqua or silicula, sometimes lomentum (Raphanus)
Seed:
Exalbuminous
Pollination:
Self or cross pollinated
Anemophilous pollination is found in Pringlea.
 DISTRIBUTION OF BRASSICACEAE

 This family is also called Brassica family.

 The family includes 375 genera and 3200
species according to Willis.
 It is distributed all over the world but mainly
confined to the north temperature regions.
 Economic Importance of
Brassicaceae:
1.Food:
The plants of this family which are cultivated as
vegetable crops are:
 Phul gobhi
 Band gobhi
 Gand-gobhi
 sarson (white mustard
 Shalgam
 Rapha
 Muli are edible and cooked as vegetables.
 Cont..
2. Oil:
 The seed of B. campestris (or white mustard)
yield mustard oil. nigra (H. Kalirai)also
produce oil.
 After extracting oil the cake is left behind
which is highly nutritious as a cattle feed
 the oil cake is also used as soil fertilizer
 Raphanus seeds also produce a pungent oil
 Cont..
4. Ornamentals:
Some plants are grown in gardens for their beautiful
flowers:
 Cheiran thus cheiri (wall flower),
 Iberis amara (candituft)
 Lunaria (honesty) etc.

3. Medicines:
 The leaves and tender shoots of Lepidium sativum
are used in liver complaints, asthma, cough and
bleeding piles.
 Iberis amara is used in rheumatism and gout.
Evolutionary trends
 Primitive characters:
1. Leaves simple and alternate.
2. Flowers hermaphrodite, hypogynous
3. Calyx and corolla free.
4. Stamens polyandrous.
5. Ovules anatropous.
 Cont..

 Advanced characters:
1. Plants are generally herbs-annual or biennials.
2. Leaves exstipulate.
3. Flowers ebracteate
4. Gynoecium bicarpellary and syncarpous.
5. Fruit simple.
 Common plants

1. Brassica campestris (Sarson)

2. Iberis amara (Chandni)
3. Farsetia jaquemontii
4. Coronopus didymus
5. Eruca sativa (Tara mira)
Papavareceae
Family
 GENERAL Character :
 Leaves alternate,
 Simple,
 Latex present,
 Flower solitary,
 Actinomorphic,
 Hypogynous,
 Sepals two or three,
 Stamens numerous,
 Carpels two or many,
 Parietal placentation,
 Fruit capsule.
 A.Vegetative characters:
Habit:
 mostly annual or perennial herbs,
 shrubs ,
 rarely trees.
Root:
 Tap root and branched
Stem:
 Erect, herbaceous, branched, cylindrical and woody
Leaves:
 Radical simple, alternate, exstipulate
 B. Floral characters:
Inflorescence:
 Solitary terminal (Papaver), axillary raceme
Flower:
 Ebracteate, pedicellate, actinomorphic, complete
Calyx:
 Sepals 2 or 3, polysepalous,
Corolla:
 Petals 2 + 2 or 3 + 3 or more, polypetalous, brightly
coloured.
Androecium:
 Stamens four or indefinite
 Cont…..
Gynoecium:
 Carpels two or more syncarpous; ovary superior
 unilocular, parietal placentation
 ovules numerous, stigma sessile
Fruit:
 Capsule, dehiscence by valves or pores, rarely nut.
Pollination:
 Entomophilous
Floral formula:
Phylogenetic relationships

 The family Papaveraceae stands very close to

Ranunculaceae and Nymphaeaceae.
 The morphological structure of flowers of Platystemon
establish a link between Papaveraceae and
Nymphaeceae.
 The pod shaped ovary with the parietal placentation
are characters of Papaveraceae shared with the
Brassicaceae and Capparidaceae.
 Distribution of Papaveraceae:

The family is commonly known as poppy family.

It consists of 28 genera and 700 species out of which 45
species are found in India.
The members of this family are well distributed in the
northern extra-tropical and temperate countries.
Some are also found as weeds throughout the world.
Economic Importance:
1. Food
 Seeds of Papaver somniferum are used as food
2. Medicinal:
 Opium is a powerful narcotic and is used for addiction
 Codeine is used in cough syrups
 The seeds of Argemone produce an oil which is used
for adulterating mustard oil.
3. Ornamental:
 Papaver rhoeas, Sanguinaria are cultivated as
ornamental garden plants.
 Evolutionary trends
 Primitive characters:
1. Presence of shrub and tree (Bocconia).
2. Leaves simple and alternate.
3. Flowers hermaphrodite, hypogynous and
actinomorphic.
4. Calyx and corolla free.
5. Stamens numerous, free and produce abundant
pollen.
6. Carpels many and loosely united (Platystemon).
7. Ovules anatropous and many on each placentum.
 Cont…..
 Advanced characters:
1. Plants are mainly herbs.
2. Leaves are deeply incised .
3. Flower perigynous .
4. Calyx gamosepalous .
5. Gynoecium syncarpous.
 Common plants

 bloodroot
 California poppy
 celandine poppy
 creamcups
 bleeding heart
 Dutchman’s breeches
 Tree poppy
 Horn poppy
REFFERENCES
 www.biologydiscussion.com
 www.britannica.com
 www.reed.edu
 www.pakbs.org
 www.bioone.org
THANKS...