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astatine
218
218 At
84
Po 85
b
0
-1
polonium
Beta Decay
b
A A 0
Z
X Z+1
Y + -1
b
218 218 0
84
Po 85
Rn + -1
polonium Radon
Beta Decay
b
234 A 0
90
Th Z
Y + -1
b
234 234 0
90
Th 91
Pa + -1
Thorium protactinium
Beta Decay
b
A 210 0
Z
X 82
Pb + -1
b
210 210 0
81
Tl 82
Pb + -1
lead
Thalium
Gamma decay
Penetration of Matter
Though the most massive and most energetic
of radioactive emissions, the alpha particle is the
shortest in range because of its strong interaction with
matter. The electromagnetic gamma ray is extremely
penetrating, even penetrating considerable
thicknesses of concrete. The electron of beta
radioactivity strongly interacts with matter and has a
short range.