WELCOME TO THE

BRIEFING ON VFD

Solving public health problems through innovative scientific research www.icddrb.org

 Presented by

Md Erfanur Rahman
Electrical Engineering Unit

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 A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is a
type of motor controller that drives an
electric motor by varying the frequency and
voltage supplied to the electric motor. Other
names for a VFD are variable speed drive,
adjustable speed drive, adjustable
frequency drive, AC drive, micro drive and
inverter.

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 VFD Types

Voltage-source inverter (VSI) drive

The DC output of the diode-bridge converter stores energy in the
capacitor bus to supply stiff voltage input to the inverter. The vast
majority of drives are VSI type with PWM voltage output.

Current-source inverter (CSI) drive

The DC output of the SCR-bridge converter stores energy in series-
reactor connection to supply stiff current input to the inverter. CSI drives
can be operated with either PWM or six-step waveform output.

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
AN INVERTER

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 Why to use VFD

a) Energy savings on most pump and fan

application.
b) Better process control and application.
c) Speeding up and slowing down a machine or
process.
d) Inherent power factor correction.
e) Protection from high in-rush current.
f) Safe Acceleration and braking

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Induction Motor issues
Starting Induction Motors
The starting current is very high, between 3 to 8 times
the full load current. Depending on the size of the motor,
this can result in voltage sags in the power system.

The full torque is applied instantly at starting and the

mechanical shock can eventually damage the drive
system, particularly with materials handling equipment,
such as conveyors.

In spite of the high starting current, for some

applications the starting torque may be relatively low,
only 1.0 to 2.5 times full load torque.

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 AC Induction Motor Theory

AC motor speed change can be

accomplished in three ways:
1. Change the number of poles in the motor;
this means separate windings
2. Change the slip characteristics of the
motor; this is done with varying resistors,
such as is done with a wound-rotor motor
or by varying the stator voltage; or
3. Change the frequency of the power
supplied to the motor. This can be
achieved by VFD .

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Technical Advantages in VFD System
 No slip ring related maintenance
Creep motor not required

Gear box not required

Electrical braking before mechanical breaking-break life is more

On line fault display- hence less down time

Starting current is less than DOL starting

Smooth starting and stopping offers jerk less operation – longer life due to less
mechanical fatigue

Wide speed range- step less speed control

100% holding torque available at standstill

More energy efficient

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Servicing & Maintenance
a) Keep Connections Tight.
b) As part of a mechanical inspection procedure,
don’t overlook internal VFD components.
c) Check circulating fans for signs of bearing
failure or foreign objects.
d) Regularly monitor heat sink temperatures.
e) Inspect DC bus capacitors for bulging and
leakage. Either could be a sign of component
stress or electrical misuse.
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 Thanks for
attending.
Any Question?

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