What is • Solar power is the use of the

solar sun's energy either directly

power? as thermal energy (heat) or
through the use of
photovoltaic cells in solar
panels and transparent
photovoltaic glass to
generate electricity.
Advantage • Low Maintenance Costs. ...
s • Technology Development.
...
• Health and safety
• No pollution
Disadvantages • Cost. The initial cost of
purchasing
a solar system is fairly
high. ..
• Weather Dependent
• Solar Energy Storage
Is Expensive. ...
• Uses a Lot of Space. ...
Factors For • Where to use the solar system,
Designing a how about the solar
irradiation condition in the
Solar Power area.
System • Total loading power(KW), and
daily consumption (KWH).
• What will be the system output
voltage required?
• Working time on each day for
the solar system.
• System Backup days in
continuous raining and cloudy
condition.
Types of • On-Grid Systems are solar
systems pv systems that only
generate power when the
utility power grid is
available. They must
connect to the grid to
function. They can send
excess power generated
back to the grid when you
are overproducing so you
credit it for later use.
• Off-grid solar energy systems convert sunlight into
electricity without connecting to local utility grids.
They are ideal for areas without public grid access.
• A hybrid solar system combines the best of both
worlds: the convenience of a grid connected system
with the peace of mind of a battery backup.
Working
Solar System
COMPONENTS:
 COMPONENTS

SOLAR
PANELS CIRCUIT FIXED PV STRUCTURE
BREAKERS

5000 VOLTS INVERTER BATTERIE

Solar On the basis of cell type
panel (quality)
types • A , B ,C ,T
On the basis of crystal
structure
• Monocrystalline
• Polycrystalline
• Amorphous
• Hybrid
 Inverter • Grid-tied inverters operate based on
sophisticated technology.
properties: • Available from 2KW to 6KW, these
inverters are equipped with MPPT
(Maximum Power Point Tracking)
capability with wide input range from
150V to 600V, providing excellent
system design flexibility.
• Also featuring a protection rating of
IP65 and built-in DC switch, the MPI
series inverters work comfortably
outdoors and allow servicing and
maintenance to be performed safely.
 Summer Winter
Latitude
angle angle
35° 11.6 49.8
40° 16.2 54.2
45° 20.9 58.6
50° 25.5 63.0

Angle of inclination
 Angle City Lat Lon Tilt
inclinations angle
Islamabad 33 73 56
Kot addu 30 71 59
Rawalpindi 33 44 56
 Battery

We will use tesla

batteries for its
remarkable depth of
discharge of 96%

Calculations for no of batteries

Power = 3000W (suppose)
Current = 3000/220
AH (ampere hour) = (3000/220)*3600
Flat roof
view
 IRRADIANCE

• the flux of radiant

energy per unit area
(normal to the
direction of flow of
radiant energy
through a medium).
• The average
irradiation of my area
is 1053 W/m²
 Avoid To cope with humidity we will
humidity use
• Galvanized stand to avoid
rusting
• Monocrystalline panel
 LOAD
Appliances Home 1 Home 2 Home 3 Home 4
16-ME-07 16-ME-04 16-ME-07 16-ME-10

CALCULATION Energy
savors
Tubelights
200
160
150
80
250
240
275
240

Fans 400 480 600 500

Refrigerator 300 300 300 300

Computer 200 200 200 200

Television 85 85 85 85

Washing 500 500 500 500

machine

Sewing 150 150 150 150

machine

Total 1995 1945 2325 2250

QUOTATION (3k load)
QUOTATION (5K LOAD)
 LOAD CALCULATION(2)
EQUIPMENTS WATTS
1. ENERGY SAVORS 250
2. FANS 600
3. FRIDGE 350
4. COMPUTER 250
5. TELEVISION 138
6. WASHING MACHINE 800
7. SEWING MACHINE 150
8. MICROWAVE 700
9. ELECTRIC IRON 1000
10. AIR CONDITIONER 3600

TOTAL 7838 WATTS

QUOTATION (10K LOAD)
QUOTATION (10K LOAD)
 COST ANALYSIS (5k LOAD)
SR. DESCRIPTION QUANT TOTAL AMOUNT
NO ITY
1 MAX POWER SUNGLOW VM-II 1 75,900.00
5000/MPPT 80 AMP
2 PV Panels Aiduo Solar Japan, 16 264,000.00
monocrystalline ECOSHINE-325 watts PV
Panel

3 Fixed PV Structure GI Sheet, 14SWG for 4 16,000.00

PV Panels Mounting, complete with nuts
& bolts

4 Dc wiring, Breakers and other accessories 1 20,000.00

5 Installation, designing and commissioning -- 32,000.00

charges
6 Batteries 2 34,000.00
 Cost and
Company
quality
Estimated load Maximum load Cost Specularity

ZORAYS -ENERGY
CONSERVED
analysis 3kW 3,22,716/- Pay back in 12 month
with Sine Wave Solar
Inverter and GI Steel
Structure Deep Cycle
Tall Tubular Solar
Batteries
SKYELECTRIC 3kW 3,70,500/- Smart battery storage
and smart inverter

ATS ENGINEERING 3kW 4,59,550/- Polycrystalline panel

with gel battery

BRIGHT BROTHERS 3kW 3,76,800/- Hybrid inverter

SOLAR SIGMA LTD 3kW 3,50,870 Rust free galvanized

structures
Experiment On Roof Installation

al setup of • This type of configuration involves the

solar modules sitting on top of the
roof existing roof covering. This is the most
common configuration as it provides a
simple low cost solution. Solar panels
are available in Black or Silver
• In Roof Installation
• In roof involves integrating the panels or
tiles into the roof covering. This gives
an aesthetic benefit but also increases
the installation cost. Large panels or pv
tiles can be integrated into existing and
new roofs
• Flat Roof / Ground Installation

• Flat roofs gives more flexibility in terms

of orientation and installation
angle. Given that the collector sits
significantly (>200mm) above the
existing roof covering or ground
planning permission is usually required
for this type of installation.
• Wall Mounted
• Solar electricity panels can be mounted
flat or at an angle on a wall. Angular
mounting would normally require
planning permission.
• Ground Mounted Tracker
• Electricity output can be maximized by
fitting the panels onto a tracking system
which follows the sun throughout the
day. This will significantly increase the
performance of the system.
LOAD
DISTRIBUTOR
 LOAD There are 2 possible configurations for
load distribution;
DISTRIBU • Using microcontroller
TION • Without using microcontroller
Without controller
House 4

Here source can

be obtained by
House 3
connecting panels
of each house with
each other to increase
net electrical power
House 2

House 1

sourc
e
 With controller

Here we would use control loop to control the circuit

 Components of control system
• Sensors – amp meter
• Controller -- microprocessors
• Actuator – current control system

HOW TO CONTROL
CURRENT ??
 controller syste
source
m

sensor