ACOUSTICAL DESIGN consideration for Auditorium, Lecture hall, Recording Studio

1. Echo
2. Delayed reflection
3. Sound shadow
4. Sound concentration
REINFORCEMENT by LOUD SPEAKER
Sound amplification system are used for the following purpose:
•To reinforce the sound level w when the sound source is too weak to be heard.
•To provide amplified sound for over flow audience.
•To minimize sound reverberation.
•To provide sound reverberation
•To provide artificial reverberation in rooms which ar too dead for satisfactory listening.
•To operate electronic organs, chimes, etc.,
Types of loud speaker
1. The centrally located system with single cluster of loud speaker over a sound
source. This gives maximum realism as the amplified sound comes from the same
direction as original sound.
2. The distribution system, using a number of over head loudspeakers located
through out the auditorium. This system can be used when,
a. Auditorium height is too low to install central system.
b. When majority of listeners do not have an adequate sight line of central
loudspeakers.
c. When sound has to be provided for overflow audience.

3. The stereo phonic system with two or more cluster of lous speakers around the
proscenium opening or the sound source. Steresphonic system preserves the
illusion that the sound is coming from the original – unamplified sound. Source.
PROBLEMS associate with LOUD SPEAKER
1. Audience will hear two sounds arriving at two time. The difference should not be
more than 1/30 sec.
2. When loudspeaker is placed halfway down the large auditorium. – audience will hear
loudspeaker first and direct sound as a weak echo.- this can be over come by
introducing a delay ed mechanism in loud speaker system.
ROOM SHAPE
•The talker to the audience distance can be minimized by
carefully considering the room geometry.
•A rectangular shoe-box type hall with the stage across one
narrow end, may be excellent for music where an audience
can be seated farther away and a greater ratio of reverberant
sound is desired.
•However, a rectangular geometry is only suitable for a
relatively small speech hall.
•For greater seating capacity, the side walls should be
splayed from the stage.
•Generally, fan shaped halls are not used for music
performance.
ACOUSTICAL CONSIDERATION
• Since no music hall is built for one specific type or style of music, the RT must be a
meticulously established .
• A carefully controlled RT will increase fullness of tone and will help loudness, definition
and diffusion. However the establishing of an ideal RT alone is no gurantee that the hall
will be acoustically excellent for the performance of music; it is a contributing factor only.
• Definition will be satisfactory if the initial time-delay gap does not exceed 20 m sec; if the
direct sound is loud enough relative to the reverberant sound, that is listeners are
reasonably closse to the sound source and if there is no echo.
• Echo will be particularly noticeable is the RT is short and diffusion is inadequate. The
longer the RT in a room, the less trouble can be expected from echo. The longer RT will
cover up the single intrusions of an echo.
• To achieve uniform quality of sound over the entire seating area balconies should not
protrude too deeply into the air space of the room; listeners should have unobstructed
sight line so that they receive ample direct sound.
• The frequency of sounds involved in the acoustics of music halls extend over a
considerable wide range than those for speech ( 30 Hz – 12,000 Hz) including thw high
frequency components of musical sounds.
• Particular attention is required to control noises and vibrations riginating from the
Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning system for near by spaces, mechanical and
electrical room.