STUDY OF VARIABLE VALVE TIMING

SYSTEM (VVT)

DURVESH HEDAU: U20

SADANAND SONTAKKE : U24
SHRADDHA KORADE : U28
ASHUTOSH PATIL : U35
MEANING OF VVT:

 VVT stands for variable valve timing.

 In this system we vary the valve timing, lift, either or both, while
the engine is running to achieve optimum performance at given
RPM.
 VVT only increases power output of the engine and not the fuel
consumption.
REASONS TO USE VVT:

 At every RPM we need different A/F ratio according to loading condition.

 If proper A/F ratio is not maintained, proper burning of fuel doesn’t
happen and optimum power output is not achieved.
 VVT varies the amount of air coming in and thus A/F ratio is changed.
 Also, optimum torque output at given rpm can be achieved using VVT.
VARIOUS TIMING DIAGRAMS FOR DIFFERENT
LOADING CONDITIONS
VVT VALVE OVERLAP:
 VVT-Valve overlap is the amount of time the
intake and exhaust valves are both open at the
same time.
 Less overlap produces a smooth idle and
more slow speed torque.
 But poor high speed performance because
there is not enough time for complete
scavenging to occur.
 More valve overlap allows better engine
breathing at high speeds.
 But poor performance at low speeds, rough
idling, and higher exhaust emissions.
TYPES OF VVT:

 CAM CHANGING:
Uses different cam profiles to lift the valve according to different loading
conditions
 CAM PHASING:
Varies the valve timing by shifting the phase angle of cam shaft.
CAM CHANGING VVT
 VVT-HONDA-VTEC-SYSTEM
 One common system uses two rocker arms for normal
operation on its two intake valves, with a third, higher
profile, rocker arm between the other two arms
 When engine speeds fall below the threshold speed, oil
pressure is removed from the pin and a spring
deactivates the pin.
 As a result the rocker arms are no longer locked
together and the valves are controlled by the less
aggressive outer lobes.
 Cam changing VVT can also be used in a similar way to,
deactivate a second intake valve at low engine speeds.
This will increase the velocity and swirl of the air/fuel
mixture as it enters the combustion chamber.
CAM PHASING VVT
• Cam phasing VVT varies valve timing by shifting the phase angle of the
camshaft. Consequently this will increase the amount of valve overlap. This is
controlled by the engine management system, and actuated by hydraulic valve gears.

• Continuous or fixed phasing change – What is the difference.

• Continuous systems normally vary the phasing angle between 0 and 40 or more
degrees. Due to, engine load and speed requirements.
• Fixed phasing systems alter phasing by a specific angular value at a specific speed and
load condition.
• Single overhead camshaft engines can use cam phasing. However double overhead
camshaft engines can receive greater benefits from phasing change VVT. Separately
controlling the intake and exhaust camshafts is a definite advantage.
EXAMPLE: BMW VANOS / DOUBLE VANOS
• The end of intake camshaft incorporates
a gear thread.
• The thread is coupled by a cap which can
move towards and away from the camshaft.
Because the gear thread is not in parallel to
the axis of camshaft, phase angle will shift
forward if the cap is pushed towards the
camshaft.
• Similarly, pulling the cap away from the
camshaft results in shifting the phase angle
backward.
ADVANTAGES:

 Improved torque output and power output.

 Better battery and fuel economy.
 Reduced emissions.
THANK YOU